新型高选择性蝶烯类气相色谱固定相的研究

Iptycene-based derivatives are a newly developed class of aromatic compounds with unique rigid three-dimensional structures and exhibit unique molecular recognition ability, good solubility and high thermal stability, showing great potential as highly selective stationary phases for gas chromatography (GC) and promising well for their practical use in GC separations. However, up to now, no related publications are available at home and abroad. In our preliminary research with employing triptycene parent compound as GC stationary phase, we discovered its good separation performance for organic compounds of different variety and unique selectivity for aromatic compounds. Herein, based on the new finding and the purpose for further enhancing the chromatographic selectivity and column thermal stability, we present four new types of triptycene-based derivatives as GC stationary phases. This research project focuses on the comprehensive investigation of their chromatographic performance as GC stationary phases for different types of organic compounds, test mixtures and tough analytes, especially critical aromatic isomers, and also their practical use in GC analysis of complex samples. Exploring the potential of triptycene-based materials as a new class of highly selective GC stationary phases and developing their efficient GC columns are challenging, innovative but feasible. This novel project is of great scientific significance and research value in addressing the current problems with GC analysis of complex samples and tough analytes due to the deficiency of highly selective GC stationary phases for the intended purpose.

蝶烯是近年发展起来的一类新型具有独特刚性三维芳香结构的材料，具有特异的分子识别能力、良好的溶解性和热稳定性，作为气相色谱(GC)固定相具有很好的研究价值和应用前景，但目前国内外均未见相关研究报道。通过对三蝶烯母体化合物作为GC固定相的探索性研究，我们发现了三蝶烯对各类有机物具有良好的分离能力并对芳香族化合物表现出特异的色谱选择性。基于这一新发现和进一步提高固定相色谱选择性和色谱柱热稳定性的目的，本申请研究项目设计提出了四组新型三蝶烯衍生物GC固定相，以各类有机物、试验混合物、难分离组分尤其是各类芳香族异构体为主要目标物，全面研究这些三蝶烯衍生物固定相的GC色谱性能并用于实际样品的分析测定，发展新型高选择性GC固定相及其高效色谱柱。本研究具有探索性、创新性和可行性，对于解决目前复杂样品和难分离组分分析测定的难题，具有重要的科学意义、研究价值和应用前景。

研究发展高选择性色谱固定相是进行样品组分的高效分离及其分析测定的关键，对于解决目前难分离组分和复杂样品的气相色谱（GC）分析测定具有重要科学意义和应用价值。本项目将三维刚性富π体系的蝶烯骨架与各种不同极性的构筑单元相结合，设计合成了十余种不同结构/极性的蝶烯功能化材料作为GC固定相，研究了它们对不同性质组分的选择性、分离性能和保留机理。研究表明，蝶烯类固定相的特有结构和性质使能高效分离不同类型组分，尤其对性质极为相近的组分的分离表现出高选择性，例如各种位置异构体、结构异构体等，相比目前常用的商品色谱柱表现出明显的分离优势。本项目还探讨了蝶烯固定相结构特性参数与对各种分析物的分离性能之间的关系和选择性规律，为这些固定相的实际应用提供选择依据和指导。这些固定相色谱柱已用于20多种实际样品的分析测定，包括各种化学试剂中异构体杂质的检测、染发剂添加剂的测定、中药材挥发成分的测定等，表现出很好的应用前景。在项目组成员的共同努力下，本项目取得了明显进展和研究成果。目前已发表学术论文24篇，其中18篇论文发表在本领域权威期刊Anal. Chim. Acta、J.Chromatogr.A上。项目负责人编著出版学术专著一部（气相色谱分析及应用，科学出版社）。本研究项目还为色谱领域培养了优秀的专业人才，其中1人获得北京市优秀毕业生、3人获得校级优秀毕业生、1人获得校级优秀学位论文。