面向竞争性设计的知识服务方法与应用研究

The manufacturing industry of China has brought in great successes such as a wealthy country and its powerful people. However, the manufacturing industry of China has also led to some negative consequences such as the excessive consumption of resources, the deterioration of the environment and the low-margin business. The competitive design is presented to change China's product competitiveness model, make it win from relying on low prices to relying on high quality, high performance and innovative design. For the present manufacturing enterprises of China, the bottleneck of conducting competitive design is that the enterprises lack of knowledge resources. So knowledge service for design maybe is the best way to break through the bottleneck. To solve the problems encountered in the application of knowledge service in China's manufacturing industry, this project will study the following problems. The first is the relationship between competitive design and knowledge resources. The second is the classification, publishing and discovery method of knowledge services in distributed resources environment. The third is the basic laws and supporting techniques of knowledge services in distributed resources environment. Moreover, as a case study, the building of resource units for low friction design of automotive engines and the application of knowledge service methods in it will be also studied. Through the study, the following key issues, including the influences of knowledge resources on the competitive design, the basic laws of knowledge services, and the supporting techniques of the application of knowledge services in the competitive design, will be solved. The low friction competitive design of automotive engines will be selected as the case and the application object during the research. By this project, the realization and application method of knowledge service for competitive design will be explored. The research will lay a foundation of methodology for the domestic enterprises to improve their competitiveness of design.

中国制造业在带来国富民强等成就的同时，也导致了资源过度消耗、环境恶化、企业利润低等后果。竞争性设计的目的是改变我国产品的竞争模式，使其从依靠低价格取胜，转向依靠品质、性能和创新取胜。现阶段竞争性设计的瓶颈在于企业自身知识资源积累不足，设计知识服务是突破该瓶颈的最佳途径。针对设计知识服务实现中的难题，本项目拟结合典型的工业产品对象，研究：竞争性设计与知识资源的相互依赖关系；分布式资源环境下设计知识服务的分类、发布及发现方法；分布式资源环境下设计知识服务的基本规律和支撑技术；发动机低摩擦设计中的服务单元构建和设计知识服务组织等。通过研究，拟重点解决知识资源对提高设计竞争力作用的认识、设计知识服务的基本规律、适应设计竞争需要的运作模式和支撑技术等关键问题。本项目研究过程中，将以汽车发动机低摩擦设计这一竞争激烈的设计问题作为案例和应用对象，探索面向竞争性设计的设计知识服务实现路径和应用技术，为提高国内企业的设计竞争力奠定知识资源高效运用的理论和技术基础。

中国制造业此前大都依靠制造成本优势参与国际竞争，很少有设计创新。这种依赖于继承性设计的制造模式，在带来国富民强等成就的同时，也导致了资源过度消耗、环境恶化、企业利润低等后果。本项目所研究的竞争性设计，其目的是改变我国产品的竞争模式，使其从依靠低价格取胜，转向依靠品质、性能和创新取胜。现阶段竞争性设计的瓶颈在于企业自身知识资源积累不足，设计知识服务是突破该瓶颈的最佳途径。本项目首先研究了基于知识服务的竞争性设计过程，分析了设计竞争力的来源及所需要的知识服务类型，分析了能够对外提供知识服务的知识资源的构成。然后，结合典型的工业产品对象，研究了知识服务的描述方法、实现方法和过程建模。重点以机械装备开发中的设计评估和设计优化阶段所需要的学科仿真计算服务为例，分析了计算服务实施过程中的技术难点，构建了可以连接异地多种计算资源的计算服务连接器。以发动机低摩擦设计为例，研究了相关方法和工具的应用。项目组构建了发动机低摩擦设计服务平台，以方便低摩擦设计资源和服务的发布。基于Web-service和所开发的计算服务连接器，研究了低摩擦设计过程中摩擦学仿真服务的实现过程和方法。所构建的发动机低摩擦设计服务平台和相关的服务环境，能够为其它领域的设计知识服务和竞争性设计过程提供参考。