In 2007, R?berg. et al proposed that infection tolerance is one of the important protection mechanisms for host to defense against intestinal bacterial infections and speculated that increasing intestinal epithelial renewal and damage repair capacity may promote the infection tolerance. We recently have shown that KIT is expressed in the intestinal gland cells using a loss-of-function mutation of the mouse W/c-kit locus, wadsm/m mice and found that it was able to promote intestinal epithelial proliferation and renewal. However, whether KIT in the intestinal epithelium is involved in infection tolerance was unclear. In this project, we will investigate the contribution of KIT to tolerance response against bacterial pathogen in the gut using WT and wadsm/m mice combined with morphological, molecular biological, and in vivo imaging methods. We will focus on the two following subjects :(1)KIT signaling improves the intestinal epithelial proliferation, renew, and damage repair by direct activation of downstream of STATs or Akt molecules; (2) KIT signaling enhances the proliferation and renew of the intestinal epithelium by indirect upregulation of the TLR-2 receptor gene expression through the ERK1/2 transcription factor. They may synergistically improve intestinal epithelial infection tolerance. This study aims to clarify the molecular regulation mechanism of intestinal bacterial infection tolerance and provide a clue to the clinicians for the prevention of enterogenic infection diseases.
2007年,R?berg等提出感染耐受(infection-tolerance)是宿主防御肠道细菌感染的重要保护机制之一,推测促进肠黏膜上皮更新和损伤修复,能够提高宿主的感染耐受能力。以往利用c-kit功能丢失突变wadsm/m小鼠,我们已证明肠腺细胞表达的KIT分子能够促进肠黏膜上皮的增殖和更新,但是否参与肠黏膜上皮感染耐受的调控尚不清楚。本项目拟利用野生型和wadsm/m小鼠,结合形态学、分子生物学和活体影像检测细菌负载等方法,研究肠黏膜上皮KIT受体是否通过如下途径调控宿主的感染耐受:(1)直接激活下游STATs或Akt分子,促进肠黏膜上皮增殖、更新和损伤修复;(2)通过ERK1/2转录因子调控TLR-2受体表达,间接促进肠黏膜上皮的增殖和更新,共同发挥提高肠黏膜上皮感染耐受的作用。本研究期望能够阐明KIT分子对肠道细菌感染耐受的调控机制,为临床预防肠源性感染等疾病提供新的思路。
肠黏膜上皮不仅是消化和吸收营养的主要场所,也是阻止肠道内微生物入侵宿主的重要屏障。机体即可通过“主动抵御”的方式阻止肠道微生物入侵,亦可通过“被动耐受/感染耐受”的方式维持机体内环境的稳定。已知肠黏膜上皮的更新和损伤后的及时修复是维持宿主感染耐受能力的重要结构基础,但黏膜上皮细胞哪些重要分子参与维持宿主的感染耐受能力尚不完全清楚。KIT是由原癌基因c-kit编码的Ⅲ型受体酪氨酸激酶,与其配体SCF结合被激活,进而活化下游多条信号通路,如RAS/ERK、PI3K/Akt、JAK/STAT、Src等,参与细胞的生长、发育、存活、代谢和分化等许多细胞生物学重要事件的调控。因此,本项目主要探讨SCF/KIT信号在维持肠黏膜屏障完整性和提高宿主感染耐受的作用,利用c-kit功能缺失性突变的Wadsm/m小鼠和野生型小鼠对比研究,主要结果如下:① 通过BrdU掺入实验和Ki67的表达检测,初步证明肠腺细胞表达的KIT分子具有促进肠黏膜上皮的增殖与更新,并明显促进肠黏膜上皮的损伤修复,从而增强其感染耐受能力。② 已知紧密连接蛋白是构成黏膜上皮细胞间紧密连接的重要组成部分,参与维持上皮的极性和屏障功能。本项目发现SCF/KIT信号具有调控紧密连接蛋白表达、维持肠黏膜屏障完整性的作用。③ 与WT小鼠相比,Wadsm/m小鼠结肠黏膜紧密连接蛋白Claudin-3表达明显减少,并可见肠黏膜通透性增加和黏膜屏障功能减弱。④ 临床结直肠癌患者和结直肠癌小鼠模型的组织标本研究发现:高表达KIT的肿瘤组织同时高表达Claudin-3,两者的表达水平呈明显正相关。⑤ 进一步应用体外培养的结直肠癌细胞系证明SCF/KIT通过激活下游JNK/AP-1信号分子,上调Claudin-3表达。⑥ 另外,本项目亦发现SCF/KIT信号活性增加可导致肠黏膜上皮过度增生和肿瘤,特别是黏液性腺癌(MCA)的发生发展。通过AOM+DSS诱导小鼠结直肠癌模型,发现SCF/KIT信号可能通过上调关键转录因子ATOH1的表达,促进黏液形成和分泌,可能是MCA发生发展的重要原因之一。这一新的发现获得了2016年度国家自然基金面上项目(81572322)的资助,为深入研究该信号通路调控的相关分子机制提供了重要保障。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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