氧化铟-贵金属复合中空微纳结构的软模板法控制合成及其应用

Indium oxide is a novel transparent semiconductor material with broadband gap.This project proposes a composite soft template, which is constructed by amphiphilic molecular organized assemblies with various constructions and morphologies and functional small-molecular organic compounds. This composite soft template can be used not only to assemble and fix the metal ions but also control the synthesis of indium oxide or indium hydroxide (including doped materials) with hollow micro-nanostructures under the normal pressure and refluxing, which realize the large-scale preparation and the recycling of composite soft template. We will make a systematical research into the effect of various factors such as bridge molecule (organic multiple acid, amino acid, etc.), indium ions, alkali concentration, refluxing temperature on the structure, morphology, size, and stability of the molecular organized assembly in the system of cation, macromolecule and complex surfactants. Moreover, we intend to develop a novel method of controlled synthesis of indium oxide micro-nanomaterials and explore the formation mechanism of the micro-nanomaterials and realize the controllable regulation in terms of thermodynamics and dynamics. In addition, the composite materials with indium oxide - noble metal will be prepared by the noble metal nanoparticles with high mono-dispersity, which is synthesized under the help of microwave irradiation, loaded on the interior and exterior of the middle-hollow indium oxide micro-nanostructures. At the same time, the physical and chemical properties of these micro-nano-materials, such as, indium oxide, doped indium oxide, indium oxide - noble metal, doped indium oxide and noble metal, will be regulated. Finally the application of all these micro-nanomaterials will be explored in the field of photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants and development of gas sensitive element.

氧化铟是一种新型宽带隙透明半导体材料。本课题提出采用具有不同结构和形貌的两亲分子有序组合体与功能化有机小分子化合物共同构筑复合软模板以富集或固定金属离子，结合常压回流法进行氧化铟/氢氧化铟（及其掺杂态）中空微纳结构的控制合成，实现其规模化宏量制备和复合软模板的循环再利用。系统研究桥梁分子（如有机多元酸、氨基酸等）、铟离子及碱源浓度、回流温度等对阳离子型、高分子型和复配型表面活性剂体系分子有序组合体的结构、形态、尺寸及稳定性的影响规律。发展一种控制合成氧化铟等中空微纳材料的新方法，探讨微纳结构的形成机理，实现其热力学和动力学机制上的可控性调节。将微波辅助合成得到的高单分散性贵金属纳米粒子负载于中空氧化铟（或掺杂态）微纳结构的内、外表面，制备氧化铟-贵金属复合材料。调控氧化铟/掺杂氧化铟及其贵金属复合中空微纳材料的理化特性，开展它们在光催化降解有机污染物、气敏元件研制等方面的应用研究。

氧化铟是一种新型宽带隙透明半导体材料。本课题提出了采用两亲分子有序组合体与功能化有机小分子化合物共同构筑复合软模板以富集或固定金属离子，结合常压回流法进行氧化铟/氢氧化铟（及其掺杂态）中空微纳结构的控制合成并进行相关应用研究，该项目的开展具有重要的理论意义和实际应用价值。我们先后构筑了以CTAB和PEG为代表的两亲分子有序组合体与以有机二元酸和DL-天冬氨酸为代表的功能化有机小分子构成复合结构（如CTAB草酸、CTAB偏苯三甲酸、CTAB芳香二元酸、PEGDL-天冬氨酸等体系），在上述复合软模板作用下利用尿素作为碱源，控制合成了氢氧化铟/氧化铟（包括掺杂态）中空微纳结构材料，并对氢氧化铟（或掺杂态）中空微纳结构的形成机制、结晶度及其理化性质进行了探讨和实现了对材料合成的热力学和动力学上的调控。该研究发展了一种控制合成氢氧化物/硫化物等中空微纳材料的新方法。利用掺杂或贵金属纳米粒子负载于中空氧化铟（或掺杂态）微纳结构的内、外表面，可以制备氧化铟（或掺杂态）-贵金属复合材料，并系统研究了它们在光催化降解有机污染物、气敏元件研制等方面的应用。已在国内外学术刊物上发表了系列研究成果。