驾驶中移动电话的使用：基于补偿式信念的自我调整行为研究

Mobile phone use while driving is one of the most important contributors to driver distraction, and as a significant body of recent research have revealed that this behavior can cause impairments to driving performance. In China, as in many other countries, mobile phone use while driving is illegal. But then, there is an increasing evidence of widespread actual mobile use behaviors while driving. Therefore, when a driver knows the behavior of use mobiles while driving is a risky behavior, and he has to use a mobile phone while driving, then how do they modulate their behaviors accordingly? The fundamental question regarding the effect of competing activities on driver performance or driving safety is whether and how drivers compensatory for any decrease or riskiness in attention to driving task (i.e., self-regulate) to maintain adequate safety margins. Surprisingly, little research has directly addressed this problem. To address this very important issue, with integrating the Theory of Planned Behavior and Compensatory Health Beliefs Model, this research proposes a Driver Distraction Compensatory Decision Model for predicting mobile phone use and its self-regulatory behaviors engaged in driving. According to the research framework, this study will use the methods of questionnaire and simulator driving experiments to (1) understand the self-regulations uses in the condition of driving, (2) define compensatory safety beliefs and develop useful scale to score the compensatory beliefs for driver distractions, and (3) adjust and verify the proposed Compensatory Decision Model. The theoretical and practical implications of the proposal will be very obvious. It will focus on these important issues, and will make a significant contribution in the field of driver distraction research community. Especially it will help researchers to understand the role of compensatory beliefs and behavior for drivers' mobile phone use while driving, and also will extend the Theory of Planned Behavior. Accordingly, the findings of the proposed work may be used in transportation safety education for drivers at least in China. Compensatory behaviors may receive extra attention in safety education programs; in that they may help drivers avoid risky incidents from mobile use when driving.

因使用移动电话而导致的"驾驶分心"已成为一种严重的道路安全隐患。驾驶员总体上能意识到其危害，但在驾驶中使用移动电话的现象很普遍。以往研究不能全面地对这一矛盾予以解释，长期以来更是忽略了对"驾驶分心中自我调整行为"进行研究，而这一问题能够直接解释驾驶中的移动电话使用行为。基于计划行为理论和补偿式健康模型，本项目尝试提出了"驾驶情境下移动电话使用行为及相关自我调整行为的补偿式决策模型"，并据此形成研究框架，拟通过调查和模拟驾驶等方法：（1）分析自我调整或补偿行为的一般特点；（2）明确补偿式安全信念的内涵并开发度量问卷；（3）验证和确立该补偿式决策模型,对自我调整行为的相关重要属性进行研究，进而提出可能的干预方案并进行验证。本项目具有较好的前瞻性和创新性：理论上有助于探明补偿式安全信念的内涵及其对驾驶分心行为的影响，进而确定相应的行为决策机制；同时研究结果可用于制定更有针对性的应对和管理措施。

：因使用移动电话而导致的“驾驶分心”已成为一种严重的道路安全隐患。驾驶 员总体上能意识到其危害，但在驾驶中使用移动电话的现象很普遍。以往研究不能全面地对 这一矛盾予以解释，长期以来更是忽略了对“驾驶分心中自我调整行为”进行研究，而这一 问题能够直接解释驾驾驶中的移动电话使用行为。基于计划行为理论和补偿式健康模型，本项目初步获得了“驾驶情境下移动电话使用行为及相关自我调整行为的补偿式决策模型” ， 在此形成研究框架，拟通过调查和模拟驾驶等方法：（1）分析自我调整或补偿行为的一般 特点；（2）明确补偿式安全信念的内涵并开发度量问卷；（3）验证和确立该补偿式决策模型, 对自我调整行为的相关重要属性进行研究，进而提出可能的干预方案并进行验证。本项目具有较好的前瞻性和创新性：理论上有助于探明补偿式安全信念的内涵及其对驾驶分心行为的影响，进而确定相应的行为决策机制；同时研究结果可用于制定更有针对性的应对和管理措施。