百合属及其近缘属的系统发育与分类学研究

The related genera of Lilium are Nomocharis, Notholirion, Cardiocrinum, Fritillaria 4 genera, these five genera are the core taxa of Liliaceae s.str., in the world there are about 250 species, 92 of which districted in China, and 55 Chinese endemic species, Chinese southwest to Himalaya region is the one of the two distribution centers in the world, and East Asia is the center of diversification. Recent research results show that, the 5 genera of the boundaries and the infrageneric system is still controversial, and the classical taxonomy based on morphological characters of 5 genera of the boundaries between and infrageneric taxonomy and the infrageneric classification system and molecular phylogeny of recent results showed obvious conflict, the plants of Lilium and its related genera distributed in the China, which fall in the phylogenetic tree clades from the base to crown portion of the major branches. This project is based on the previous and our previous research, and choice of 2 nuclear genes and 5 chloroplast genes fragments as molecular targets, combined with morphology, micro-morphology, pollen morphology and cytotaxonomic data, to establish the classification system of Lilium and its related 4 genera, and to revise the classification problem. On this basis, we integrated the conclusion of various branches of the above, to explore the genus level and species level of the reliable morphological identification characters, and to find the relation between the rules of morphology and molecular, and to explore the classification system of the 5 plants of the genus and its classification system based on the two aspects of morphology and molecular. Combined with the classification of floristic geography, molecular phylogeny and geological data, we will study the biogeography and the phylogeography of 3 groups of taxa, and will further explore these five genera of origin, diffusion migration routes and the existing geographical distribution pattern formation processes and their evolutionary mechanism, to provide important evidence for the study of the world's tribe Lilieae even the Liliaceae.

百合属的近缘属为豹子花属、假百合属、大百合属、贝母属，该5属全世界约250种，我国有92种55特有种，中国西南至喜马拉雅区是世界两分布中心之一，东亚是其多样化中心。近年研究表明，这5属属的界限和属下系统存在争议，基于形态特征建立的属间界限和属下系统与分子系统发育结果存在矛盾，分布于我国的植物落在系统树的基部至冠部各大分枝中。本项目在已有的研究基础上，选择2个核基因和5个叶绿体基因片段为分子指标，结合形态学、微形态学、花粉形态学和细胞分类学资料，拟建立百合属及近缘属的分类系统，并对其分类问题进行修订。在此基础上综合各分支学科数据，探索该类群的属级、种级可靠形态鉴定特征、形态和系统发育间的联系规律和分类证据；结合其区系地理学、分子系统发育和地史资料，研究该类群的生物地理学和3组分类群谱系地理学，探讨其起源地、扩散迁移路线、地理分布格局成因和进化机制等，为研究世界百合族甚至百合科提供佐证。

本项目执行期间，我们总共进行了26人次的野外考察和标本及实验样品采集工作，共采集百合属及近缘属植物国内134种，国外获得分子数据或分子实验样品124种，共收集百合属及近缘类群和外类群258种，其中百合属及近缘属植物208种，外类群50种，总共564个居群2164个个体。.分子系统学实验及综合分析研究等分子水平研究实际完成情况: 我们首先选择51种植物完成叶绿体基因组全序列测序和基因分析，筛选5个叶绿体基因片段，再经过代表植物转录组测序筛选了2个核基因。百合属及近缘属植物系统发育和生物地理学研究我们共完成564个居群的叶绿体基因片段和核基因片段的测序反应4978个；谱系地理学共采集363居群1963个个体，对这些类群都分别使用了2个核基因和至少3叶绿体基因片段，每个基因2个测序反应，共19630个测序反应。分子水平研究我们实际上共完成了24608个测序反应。超额完成计划任务。.我们在综合前人和本项目所完成的形态学、解剖学、花粉形态学、细胞地理学、分子系统学和谱系地理学等各分支学科研究结果的基础上，再综合地史资料，进行联合综合分支分析，重建了百合属及近缘属的系统发育关系，探讨了百合属及近缘属的属间和属下分类系统、属下各分类群间亲缘关系及种间界限、谱系亲缘进化节点等。我们还探讨了百合属及近缘属的进化机制、地理分布格局成因及扩散迁移路线，推断发生的大致时间，为世界百合科的系统发育与进化提供重要依据。本项目执行中所建立的世界框架下的百合属和贝母属植物系统，得到国内外同行的认可，圆满完成本项目计划任务书的各项研究目标、研究内容。.标注本项目资助发表的学术论文共30篇，其中SCI论文24篇，国内核心期刊6篇。本项目资助由项目负责人培养毕业并获得学位的硕士研究生4名，项目负责人协助培养且已经毕业并获得学位的博士研究生4人和硕士研究生4人。.