多室型高分子微结构的可控构筑及其刺激性响应运动性质的研究

Inspired by alteration of the fishes’ motion behavior in response to the environmental changes, scientists have developed stimuli-responsive moving objects with similar functions using micro/nano-fabrication method, which have potential applications in environmental monitoring. Due to the limitations in current fabrication methods, currently developed stimuli-responsive moving objects are only sensitive to limited analytes and often release pollutant, which is the critical hindrance toward its environmental monitoring applications. In this project, we use biodegradable polymers and functional nanomaterials/molecules as the basic building blocks to obtain functionalized multicompartmental polymeric microstructures through electrohydrodynamic co-jetting technique within one step. Based on this structure and the properties originated from both the polymers and the incorporated functional materials, we will study the autonomous movement, stimuli-responsive movement and degradation behavior in solution and thus develop the microstructures which are sensitive to a variety of different stimuli, degradable and environmental friendly. The research proposed in current project will promote the application of stimuli-responsive moving materials in environmental detections.

受到自然界中鱼类能够感知周围环境的变化而改变运动行为这一现象的启发，通过利用微纳构造手段，人们发展出了具有类似功能的能够在环境监测方面找到应用的刺激性响应运动材料。但是由于受到方法的限制，目前构造出来的刺激性响应运动材料只对有限的刺激有响应并且会造成环境污染，从而制约了其在环境监测方面的应用。在本项目中，我们提出以生物可降解高分子和功能纳米材料或分子为基本构筑单元，通过电流体动力共喷雾技术将它们结合起来，一步法制备多室型功能化高分子微结构。并在此基础上，利用这种结构以及高分子和功能材料的性质,研究其在溶液中的自主运动、在外界刺激下的响应性运动、以及降解行为。发展出环境友好、可降解并且具有多重刺激性响应运动性质的多室型功能高分子微结构。此项目的开展，对于推动其在环境监测方面的应用有积极的意义。

在国家自然科学基金面上项目的资助下，本项目主要研究了多室型高分子微结构的可控构筑及其刺激响应性运动性质。研究了各向异性的多室型高分子微结构的制备。对多室型高分子微结构的刺激响应性运动行为进行了探索。并进一步研究了其降解行为，实现了环境友好、可降解的刺激响应性运动材料的构筑，并探索了其潜在的应用。本项目完成了既定目标，取得了一系列的研究成果：发展出基于静电共喷雾法构造多室型高分子微结构的方法；实现了对多室型高分子微结构在溶液中的自主推进；发展了通过利用外界刺激控制多室型高分子微结构的方法；探索了其降解行为。为环境友好的刺激响应性运动材料的发展和应用奠定了基础。研究工作以论文的形式发表在Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Materials Horizons, ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, Nano Research, Nanoscale等杂志上面24篇。授权专利4件。多次组织/参加国际国内会议并做学术报告。培养博士3名，硕士13名。