荧光测温技术在低温风洞测温领域的应用研究

Temperature measurement in cryogenic wind tunnel is of great guiding significance to the design of large airplane. To meet the needs of temperature measurement in cryogenic wind tunnel, it is essential to develop and improve a new cryogenic temperature sensitive paint measurement technology (Cyro-TSP). Temperature sensitivity and working temperature range of Cyro-TSP are adjusted by design and synthesis of new fluorescent probe. The probe molecules with uniform particle size and smaller particle size were obtained by controlling the nucleation and growth conditions of the probe. The standard probe molecule can ensure the uniformity of brightness of fluorescence temperature measurement coatings without affecting the overall smoothness of coatings due to the excessive particle size of the probe. The mechanical strength of low temperature coatings at working temperature is guaranteed by the selection of binder and the control of coating preparation process. On the basis of the above work, the intrinsic law between the factors and the properties of cryogenic temperature coatings was studied, and the related theory of new temperature sensitive paint was developed..The related work of this project will make up for gaps in the field of low temperature fluorescence temperature measurement coatings in China. Closely cooperating with the construction and development of cryogenic wind tunnel in China, the related cryogenic fluorescence temperature measurement technology is studied, which will further promote the development of related technology in the field of cryogenic wind tunnel temperature measurement in China.

低温风洞测温对于大型航天器的设计具有很强的指导意义，针对于低温风洞的测温需求，开发并完善新型低温荧光涂层测温技术（Cyro-TSP）至关重要。通过新型荧光探针的设计与合成来调节其温度灵敏度及测温工作温度区间。通过探针成核及生长条件的控制得到粒度均一且粒径较小的探针分子，保证荧光测温涂层的亮度一致且不会因为探针粒度过大影响涂层整体平整度。通过粘结剂的选择及涂层制备工艺的控制，保证低温涂层在工作温度下的机械强度。在以上工作的基础上，研究各因素与低温涂层性能之间的内在规律，发展新型低温测温涂层相关理论。.本项目的相关工作，将填补国内关于低温荧光测温涂层领域的空白。紧密配合我国低温风洞的建设与发展进程，对与其相关的低温荧光测温涂层技术进行研究，进而推动我国低温风洞测温领域相关技术的成熟与发展。

低温风洞实验是模拟大型飞机飞行状态的重要的技术手段，通过降低环境温度可以提高气体粘度从而达到在较小尺寸风洞中模拟大型飞行器飞行状态的目的。通过飞机模型的低温风洞实验可以预测飞机在飞行状态下层流-湍流分界线（转捩点）的位置，对飞机外型及材料设计具有十分重要的指导意义。荧光测温涂层（TSP）是实现风洞模型表面测温的重要技术手段，其具有数据采集量大，灵敏度高等技术优势。由于湍流及层流所带来的对流热交换情况有所不同，因此通过对TSP发光强度数据的采集与分析，便可以非接触的方式获得模型表面温度分布，进而计算出模型表面的流体场分布状况。. 本项目通过新型荧光探针的设计来调节其温度灵敏度及测温工作温度区间，通过控制探针成核及生长条件得到纯度较高、粒度形貌适宜的探针分子，从而保证荧光测温涂层具有一致的亮度和良好的平整度。通过涂层设计、粘结剂的选择及涂层制备工艺优化，保证涂层在低温工作环境下的测温及附着力、抗冲击等性能。在以上工作的基础上研究各因素与低温涂层性能之间的内在联系，发展新型低温测温涂层相关理论，制备满足低温风洞测温需求的荧光测温涂层。. 该技术目前已经在中国空气动力与研究发展中心完成测试，成功完成了0.3m低温风洞自然层流短舱边界层转捩测量验证实验，获得了不同雷诺数条件下合理的层流短舱转捩位置图像，综合检验了TSP涂料测试系统的测试性能。