磁化泡沫捕集煤尘机理及其回收利用基础研究

Dust removal with magnetized foam is the way to attach and settle down the dust by utilizing the magnetized bubbles, in which the gas is dispersed phase and the liquid is dispersed medium. This project explores how the magnetic field influence the physicochemical properties of foam and the efficiency of dust removal, makes a thorough inquiry how surface physicochemical characteristics and diameters of coal dust affect the mechanism during the interaction between coal dust and magnetized foam, and investigates the separation characteristics of the mixture with dust and foam liquid in the solid-liquid separation unit. The experiments test how the parameters change with different magnetic fields, such as surface energy, conductivity and ect., and measures the efficiency of the dust removal when the different magnetic foam used at the same amount of dust production. It also analyzes how magnetic field influence the properties of foam and the efficiency of the dust removal by applying the theories of electromagnetics, structural chemistry and interface chemistry. By using the accurate experimental measurement - LDA, PIV and high-speed camera, it studies the trajectory, speed, micro movement of the dust surrounded by foam ,surface adhesiveness between dust and foam , when the different types of coal dust with different diameters interacting with the magnetized foam. Separation characteristics of the dust-bubble mixture are studied in the solid-liquid separation unit by applying the LES/FDF method, then its structural dimension and operation parameters are optimized. The research provides the scientific basis for highly using the foam solution, cutting down the discharge of foam solution with the dust and increasing the effectiveness of the magnetized foam dust catcher.

磁化泡沫除尘实质是用经磁场处理的以气体为分散相、液体为分散介质的气泡聚集物粘附并沉降粉尘。项目拟研究磁场对不同成份泡沫理化性质及除尘效率影响机理，探究煤尘表面理化特性、粒径对其与磁化泡沫相互作用过程影响机制，分析尘泡混合液在固液分离装置中分离特性。实验测试不同成份泡沫表面能、电导率等参数随磁场变化及不同磁化泡沫在相同产尘强度下的除尘效率，应用电磁学、结构化学、界面化学相关理论，分析磁场影响泡沫性质及除尘效率机理；利用LDA、PIV、高速摄像机等设备，测试分析不同煤种、不同粒径煤尘与磁化泡沫相互作用过程中的运动轨迹和速度变化、尘泡表面粘附性能、煤尘在磁化泡沫体系中微观迁移规律，建立煤尘受力平衡方程；采用数值模拟方法研究固液分离装置中含尘磁化泡沫液分离特性，结合实验，优化其结构尺寸和运行参数。为低成本提高磁化泡沫除尘器除尘能力、高效率利用泡沫液、减少含尘泡沫液排放提供科学依据。

本项目是针对磁处理泡沫理化性质及除尘机理不清、煤尘与磁化泡沫相互作用过程不明、含尘磁化泡沫液再利用等问题而提出的。首先利用实验手段对磁场影响下泡沫理化性质进行测试，应用电磁学、界面化学相关理论，分析了磁场对不同成份泡沫理化性质及除尘效率影响机理。利用高速摄像实验法等，测试分析了煤尘与磁化泡沫相互作用过程中的运动轨迹和速度变化、尘泡表面粘附、煤尘在泡沫体系中微观迁移规律，建立了煤尘受力平衡方程。基于实验和理论研究，探讨了煤尘表面理化特性、粒径对其与磁化泡沫相互作用过程影响。设计了一种泡沫液可循环利用的磁化泡沫除尘机。采用模拟和实验相结合的方法，研究了固液分离装置中含尘磁化泡沫液分离特性。本项目成果为低成本提高磁化泡沫除尘器除尘能力、高效率利用泡沫液、减少含尘泡沫液排放提供科学依据。