CO2捕集电站运行优化控制基础研究

CO2 capture by post-combustion provides an effective way to overcome the CO2 emission issue of coal-fired power plant. However, with the integration of CO2 capture devices, both the structure and operation behavior of the power plant become more complex, and moreover, the control objectives of the plant become higher. For this reason, this project proposes a multi-objective predictive strategy for the coordinated control of CO2-capture power plant on the basis of the operation characteristics and dynamic behavior of the integrated plant. By integration the power generation, CO2 emission, cost and safety issues of the plant into one optimization problem, dynamic optimization of the plant can be achieved by the proposed strategy. .The main contents of the project are as follows: firstly, an analytical model is developed for the CO2-capture power plant and used as the research objective of this project, dynamic behavior of the integrated plant is investigated which can provide guidance for the plant control; a data-driven modeling method is then studied for the convenience of controller design; and finally, the multi-objective predictive control of the plant as well as the related solving algorithm and disturbance rejection method are studied in detail.

燃烧后CO2捕集是实现火电机组碳减排的有效手段。对于集成燃烧后CO2捕集设备的火电机组而言，其系统复杂程度明显增加，运行特性与常规机组具有较大不同，运行控制也具有更高的目标和要求。为此，项目紧密结合CO2捕集电站灵活运行的特点，在研究对象整体动态特性的基础上，综合考虑其在供电、减排、节能和安全性方面的要求，从系统运行的层面研究CO2捕集电站系统的动态多目标预测控制策略，为实现CO2捕集电站整体协调优化控制，充分发挥其效能提供方法。.项目首先利用机理建模方法，建立完整的CO2捕集电站数学模型作为研究对象，进而在此基础上研究其整体动态特性；接着研究基于闭环数据的控制模型辨识方法，为优化控制设计服务；最后结合CO2捕集电站灵活运行的特点，研究多目标预测控制问题的构建、求解和扰动补偿方法。

项目以提高CO2捕集电站灵活运行能力为目标，将常规火电机组与燃烧后CO2捕集系统关联起来，从深入了解燃煤电站CO2捕集系统整体运行机理和特性出发，综合考虑系统在供电、减排、能耗、安全性方面的运行需求，提出以预测控制为核心的运行控制方法，具体内容和结果如下：.(1) 建立燃煤电站CO2捕集系统整体仿真模型。分析掌握了系统主要变量间的动态规律，为控制器设计提供了有效指导；.(2) 使用数据辨识方法，为燃煤电站CO2捕集系统建立了模糊增益调度的状态空间模型。模型具有满意的全局拟合能力以及理想的线性状态空间表达形式，适宜先进控制器设计；.(3) 针对CO2捕集电站供电、碳捕集的双重目标以及灵活运行中面临的需求和困难，提出以预测控制为核心的运行控制方法，相比传统控制策略，大幅提升了燃煤电站碳捕集系统灵活运行的能力，充分发挥其在供电和碳减排方面的作用。.项目对于深入掌握燃煤电站-CO2捕集系统动态规律，设计合理高效运行控制策略具有重要意义。