Bi(Me)O3-PbTiO3-ABO3系MPB压电陶瓷及驱动器的高温性能

Recently, automotive, aerospace, energy and petrochemical industries have expressed their urgent needs for high-temperature (≥ 150 ℃) and high-performance piezoelectric actuators to achieve real-time, high-speed, dynamic and precise control of gas and liquid flow. Compared with the dominate commercial PZT ceramics, Bi(Me)O3-PbTiO3 based solid solutions (Me = Sc3+, In3+, Fe3+, Yb3+, etc.) exhibit considerable piezoelectric properties, higher Curie temperature, lower content of lead and better mechanical properties. These merits imply that Bi(Me)O3-PbTiO3 based solid solutions are competitive candidates for high-temperature and high-performance actuators. The motivations of this project are as follows. The new-type of modified Bi(Me)O3-PbTiO3 based solid solutions are prepared by solid state reaction method, and full set of material parameters for the compositions near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB), such as elastic (sij, cij), piezoelectric (dij, eij, gij, hij), dielectric (εij, βij), and electromechanical coupling coefficients (kij), are investigated in the temperature range from 25 to 600 ℃. Furthermore, the electric, mechanical losses as well as nonlinear dielectric, piezoelectric, and electromechanical properties in wide temperature range are systematically studied. At last, piezoelectric actuators capable of working effectively and stably are proposed, and the performances of actuators, such as speed, efficiency, and load under different temperature, magnitude of preload, and driving electric fields and frequencies are discussed systematically.

汽车、航空、航天、能源以及石油化工领域迫切需要能在高温苛刻环境下（150 ℃以上）实时、高速、动态控制气体、液体流量的高温、高性能特种压电驱动器。与商用锆钛酸铅基压电材料相比，Bi(Me)O3 系准同型相界(MPB)固溶体具有压电性能相当、居里温度高、铅含量少、机械性能好等优点，是一种环境友好和可在高温环境下稳定、高效工作的驱动器用关键材料。本项目旨在探索新型Bi(Me)O3 系MPB压电固溶体陶瓷的制备科学；系统表征器件设计用材料参数，如介电、压电、弹性和机电耦合系数等与温度(25-600 ℃)之间关系；揭示高温、强电场下压电材料的谐振特性和损耗机制，以及介电、压电和机电非线性特征；设计能够在宽温度范围内稳定、高效工作的高温压电驱动器原型器件；探讨压电驱动器的驱动输出特性与环境温度、预加荷载及驱动电源特性之间关系。

汽车、航空、航天、能源以及石油化工领域迫切需要能在高温苛刻环境下（150 ℃以上）实时、高速、动态控制气体、液体流量的高温、高性能特种压电驱动器。与商用锆钛酸铅基压电材料相比，Bi(Me)O3 系准同型相界(MPB)固溶体具有压电性能相当、居里温度高、铅含量少、机械性能好等优点，是一种环境友好和可在高温环境下稳定、高效工作的驱动器用关键材料。本论文针对两个固溶体（分别是BiFeO3-PbTiO3（BF-PT）和BiScO3-PbTiO3(BS-PT)）开展研究。首先设计在两个固溶体中分别引入Pb(Mn,Nb)O3, Pb(Zn,Nb)O3和BaZrO3等ABO3型第三组元；之后采用固相反应法制备该系列压电陶瓷；深入分析结构与高居里点、高压电活性之间关系；最后采用优异压电材料设计、装配压电驱动器，并对其压电高温驱动特性进行研究。结果表明，1）第三元的引入有利于提高材料压电活性，适量的引入BZ能够使BF-PT固溶体同时具有高的相变温度（600 oC）和大的压电系数（100 pC/N）；（2）准同型相界附近偏四方的组元具有更加优异的温度稳定性，Fe和Pb(Mn,Nb)O3共同改性的硬性压电陶瓷与传统的压电材料PZT性能相当，居里温度高100oC；3）设计装配的压电驱动器能够在300oC的高温下稳定工作，并输出较大的位移。