碳量子点组装材料的构筑及其气致变色固体荧光传感机制研究

New type of solid-state fluorescence sensors, with high selectivity and convenience, have broad applications in fields such as biochemical detection, environmental monitoring, military counter-terrorism, etc. It is the core and key factor to develop new type of solid-state fluorescence sensors that the design of solid-state fluorescent material with selective and real-time response to external stimuli. This project attempts to synthesize carbon quantum dots by utilization of economy and green waste biomaterials （straw, bagasse, etc.） as carbon resource, and then appropriate surface modifications (the groups of amino, cyclodextrin, etc.) of carbon quantum dots are carried out for the purpose of passivation and functionalization. The obtained CQD are further coated on polymer film to prepare high quantum yield of solid-state fluorescent assembled materials. It is studied that the selective regulation and switching behaviors of solid-state fluorescence of the assembled materials by acid-base harmful gases, electron-deficient explosive vapors, and redox gases. By conducting the above work, we will clarify influencing factors of various gases on the fluorescence of the assembled materials, and explore its mechanism. The achievement of this project will establish an experimental and theoretical foundation for development of CQD-based solid-state fluorescent sensing materials with high selectivity and value.

高选择、便捷性的新型固体荧光传感器在生化检测、环境监测、军事反恐等领域具有广泛的应用前景，备受关注。设计能选择性、实时对外界刺激进行响应的固体荧光材料是开发新型固体荧光传感器的关键和核心。本项研究拟选用经济、绿色的废弃生物材料（秸秆、甘蔗渣等）为碳源合成碳量子点，通过适宜基团(氨基、环糊精等)的修饰对其表面进行钝化和功能化，进一步负载于高分子膜上，制备高量子产率及具有选择性传感特性的固相荧光组装材料。研究固相荧光组装材料对酸碱性有毒/害气体、缺电子类爆炸物蒸气、氧化还原气体的荧光响应行为，阐明其影响因素，探索其选择性气致变色荧光响应机制。本项研究的开展为制备、开发具有高选择性传感特性及应用价值的碳量子点基固体荧光传感材料奠定实验及理论基础。

碳量子点（CDs）是一种具有优异荧光特性、良好生物相容性且制备简单的新型0维碳纳米材料。涉及其的传感、治疗等相关研究已成为当今化学、材料和生物等多学科的研究热点之一。本项目开展了系列CDs纳米材料的制备、修饰及其传感、光诊治肿瘤应用研究。通过这些工作的开展，发展了基于CDs表面的特定官能基团的氨气、指纹识别的固态荧光CDs传感体系，提出了CDs表面化学作用新机制;除此之外，建立了利用CDs金属离子掺杂、表面基团保留等策略制备特定光治疗功能材料的新方法，并极大创新了CDs基光治疗材料的制备方法和丰富了多功能光治疗材料种类。这些工作的开展为获得具有应用价值的CDs材料提供了重要的技术支持和理论参考。目前该研究已取得了系列研究成果，在包括ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces、Carbon.等SCI期刊发表论文18篇，获授权发明专利4个；并且在项目资助下，现已培养和协助培养硕士研究生7名。