基于稀疏相机阵列的集成成像3D拍摄研究

Integral imaging (II) is one of the most important true three-dimensional (3D) display methods, because it has no visual fatigue, requires no special glasses, complex mechanical structures or coherent light, and it has full parallax. Owing to the complexity of II 3D pickup process, the existing II 3D contents are scarce. Meanwhile, insufficient information capacity of the current display devices cannot meet the requirements of the high definition of II. This project plans to carry out the in-depth theoretical research and technological breakthroughs on II 3D pickup. We will set up the distribution model of II’s quasi-continuous viewing points, reveal the corresponding relation between viewing points and sparse camera array, and propose the II 3D pickup method based on the sparse camera array to reduce the complexity of II 3D pickup. Then, by analyzing the viewer pupil’s perceiving process of light emitted from a pixel with the geometrical optical model, we will set up an experimental system for the performance test of II to reveal the internal mechanism of the restriction relations among the resolution of the elemental image and the dimension of the elemental image array, and break through the bottleneck of the insufficient information capacity of the current display devices. The research work not only provides an effective way for II 3D pickup, but also provides the theoretical references for improving the overall performance of II.

集成成像三维（3D）显示因没有立体观看视疲劳，不需要助视设备、复杂的机械结构和相干光源，具有全视差等优势，是一种重要的真3D显示方式。但由于集成成像3D拍摄过程的复杂性，目前集成成像3D显示的节目源非常稀少；同时，现有显示设备的信息容量仍无法满足集成成像对高分辨率的要求。本项目拟对集成成像3D拍摄进行深入的理论研究和技术突破，从集成成像准连续观看视点分布模型的建立入手，揭示观看视点与稀疏相机阵列的对应关系，从而提出基于稀疏相机阵列的集成成像3D拍摄方法来降低3D拍摄复杂度；并将观看者瞳孔接收图像元像素光线的过程纳入光学模型，搭建集成成像3D拍摄测试实验系统，以揭示图像元分辨率和微图像阵列维度间制约关系的内在机理，从而突破现有显示设备信息容量不足的瓶颈问题。本项目的研究工作不仅可以提供有效的3D拍摄方案，也能为集成成像3D拍摄整体性能的提升提供理论参考。

本项目对集成成像3D拍摄进行深入的理论研究和技术研究，突破了集成成像3D拍摄获取微图像阵列质量差的问题，提升集成成像3D拍摄的整体性能，为集成成像真3D显示提供了高质量、丰富的3D片源。项目取得了如下重要成果：1.提出基于稀疏相机阵列的集成成像3D拍摄方法来降低3D拍摄复杂度。2. 根据正交投影变换的原理提出了基于正交投影的集成成像3D拍摄方法。3. 通过对集成成像3D显示中图像元像素数的理论分析与主观测试实验导出了获得3D图像的最佳分辨率的图像元的最小像素数。4.搭建了可实现高光效率的集成成像3D显示系统。5. 提出并实现了基于全息光学元件的增强现实集成成像3D显示。发表论文11篇，其中SCI论文7篇，申请国家发明专利13件，其中12件授权，培养10名研究生。