全球-地方互动与中国区域产业重构

From the launch of economic reforms and open door policy, particularly with the WTO accession, China has been considerably integrated with the global economy, driven by foreign investment and global markets. Under the “One-Belt, One-Road Initiative”, China has taken a pro-active approach to build a more inclusive globalization by establishing networks with periphery economies in the region. This globalization model will broaden China’s economic linkages with the global economy. China has been utilizing her competitive advantages on local endowments and market, and combining with foreign capital and technologies and knowledge to facilitate the massive industrial restructuring during the last few decades. China is now the Factory of the World by accounting for the largest market shares of many key commodities. Meanwhile, Chinese industries have restructured considerably in terms of its structure, industrial diversification and regional distribution. The recent anti-globalization may impose new challenges and opportunities to industrial development in China. This proposed research project investigates regional industrial restructuring in China from the perspective of global-local interactions. Different from the existing Anglo-American literature based on the experience on the Western economies, the China-centric focus of this study will provide a conceptual and analytical framework to understand regional industrial restructuring driven by global-local interactions of various economic factors. An in-depth understanding of such driving forces on regional industrial restructuring will surely have significant long-term implications for China’s industrial and regional polices. The proposed study is divided into three main phases. First, this study will examine the roles of China in the global business networks and explore how China and its regions, including the local driving forces, interact with the global markets through a comprehensive compiled dataset from the World Input Output Tables, data on foreign investment and international trade, and firm surveys. Based on economic census and firm surveys, this study will then comprehensively examine the driving forces of regional industrial restructuring in China, with a particular focus on how global-local interactions shape the spatial dynamics of Chinese firms and the subsequent regional restructuring processes in terms of evolution, diversification, and resilience of regional industries. Third, this study will systematically evaluate the social, economic and environmental effects of regional industrial restructuring in China and further explore the possible impact of anti-globalization. This study will enhance our understanding of regional industrial restructuring and industrial geography in China through the dynamic evolutionary network and spatial analysis by integrating endogenous and exogenous development models in macro econometric modelling and complement with micro firm-level surveys.

改革开放以来，在国际资本驱动下和国际市场吸引下，中国全方位融入经济全球化，产业发展迅速。同时，企业进入、退出和迁移频繁，产业地理格局不断调整，产业空间组织和区域产业结构不断演化，区域产业重构机制仍待厘清。项目将开展基于中国视角的全球-地方互动理论研究和基于全球-地方互动的区域产业重构理论探讨；将深入展示中国及其区域与全球主要市场的互动关系及其动态演化规律，并揭示地方力量对全球-地方互动的影响机理；将剖析中国产业空间重构、区域产业结构动态演化以及区域出口产品演化，并建立计量经济模型探讨中国区域产业重构机制，重点揭示全球-地方互动与区域产业重构的逻辑关系；将采用多种方法综合评估区域产业重构的经济、社会和环境效应，模拟预测贸易保护主义的影响。项目引入网络思维、尺度互动、演化视角、微观分析，融合内生和外生区域发展理论，系统揭示经济全球化背景下中国区域产业重构机理，将显著推动中国产业地理学研究。

项目基于中国视角、中国经验拓展了经济全球化理论，从建构全球-地方互动理论框架出发，探讨了中国及其区域与全球市场的网络联系及演化，揭示了中国区域参与经济全球化的力量及其互动关系，阐释了全球-地方互动对区域产业重构的重要作用。在思维方法上，从格局-过程-机制统一的角度增强对经济地理现象内在机制逻辑的识别分析；贯穿批判实在论，揭示因果机制层次性、复杂性；结合演绎与归纳思路，充分体现经济地理学的复杂性。在研究视角上，结合内生与外生动力机制、静态与动态过程视角，从多主体互动、多尺度融合等维度探讨剖析了全球地方互动对中国区域产业重构的影响机制。在此基础上，构建了基于中国视角的全球-地方互动框架；整合了基于地理邻近、认知邻近、社会邻近、制度邻近等维度的关联法则；形成基于引力模型的“产品多元化+市场多元化”的企业出口演化分析框架；搭建了“产业演化+产业升级”企业出口路径选择模型；融合演化经济地理学、关系经济地理学等理论体系，提出了环境经济地理理论演进框架；结合国家战略，为区域路径创造、区域经济复杂度提升、区域经济韧性水平提高等作出了相应的理论贡献。项目显著地推动了演化经济地理学、关系经济地理学、环境经济地理学等领域的理论建构，并为区域科学分析框架注入了新的活力。在实证研究上，系统综述了经济全球化、全球-地方互动、跨国投资与国际贸易、演化经济地理、工业地理、金融地理以及环境经济地理等文献，归纳了现有文献主要理论与实证进展，梳理其发展脉络；着眼于以中国为节点的网络研究，从关系视角全面讨论了全球-地方互动对区域产业重构的影响。根据中国实际情况开展大量研究，建构包括资源、资本、知识、市场与制度等框架，探讨了全球-地方力量对中国区域产业的重构效应、机制，以及其经济、社会、环境等多维度效应。最后，基于相关理论与实践研究进一步探讨中国区域产业布局优化、区域产业结构调整、区域产业转型升级以及应对贸易保护主义等方面的政策建议，服务于推动国家“双循环”发展格局，实现区域高质量发展。