基于脑功能MRI的原发性单症状遗尿症儿童认知控制和情绪加工研究

Enuresis is commonly found in school-age children, and has significant negative effects on their healthy growth and family life quality. Previous studies have found that children with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) may have cognitive control deficits and emotional processing disorders. However, the underlying neurological mechanisms of these abnormalities are still unclear and the effect of clinical intervention is also affected. This project intends to explore the abnormal brain mechanism of cognitive control and emotional processing and their interaction in children with PMNE by using magnetic resonance imaging technology combined with task state (emotional picture task, Stroop task, emotional-Stroop task) and comparing with healthy children, as well as the correlation between the brain functional differences and clinical/ neuropsychological scores. Furthermore, we will detect the alteration of cognitive control and emotion processing as the children get older and the disease progresses by longitudinal study, in order to reveal the mechanism of cognitive and emotional abnormalities in children with PMNE from the perspective of brain development. In conclusion, the study will help deeply understand the mechanism of cognitive control and emotion processing in enuretic children and deepen the understanding of enuresis pathology. The research results can help accurate diagnosis and treatment of enuresis. This project has important scientific significance and clinical value.

遗尿症是学龄儿童常见病，患儿的健康成长及其家庭生活质量受到严重影响。前期研究发现，原发性单症状遗尿症（PMNE）儿童可能存在认知控制缺陷和情绪加工障碍，然而这些异常现象的潜在神经机制尚不明确，临床干预效果也受到影响。本项目拟利用任务态（情绪图片任务、Stroop任务、情绪-Stroop任务）磁共振成像技术，与健康儿童横向对比，并将脑功能差异与患儿的临床和神经心理学指标做相关分析，探索PMNE患儿认知控制和情绪加工的异常脑机制，及二者之间的相互关系。同时通过纵向追踪研究，观察其脑功能随疾病发展和年龄增长所产生的变化，以期从儿童脑发育角度揭示患儿认知和情绪异常的发生机制。总之，通过本项目的研究，将有助于深度解读遗尿儿童的认知控制和情绪加工机制，加深对遗尿病理的理解，研究结果能够帮助遗尿症的精确诊断和精准治疗；该项目具有重要的科学意义和临床价值。

遗尿症是学龄儿童常见病，患儿的健康成长及其家庭生活质量受到严重影响，但其可能存在的认知控制缺陷和情绪加工障碍神经机制尚不明确。本项目利用任务态磁共振成像技术，探究原发性单症状遗尿症（PMNE）儿童认知控制和情绪加工的异常脑机制，及二者之间的相互关系。结果发现PMNE存在以背外侧前额叶改变为主的认知控制脑功能缺陷；同时患儿在面对不同愉悦度情绪的认知控制模式发生改变，主要与抑制、体感、视觉等功能脑区相关；结合静息态脑网络分析技术，PMNE组执行网络和默认模式网络的功能连接异常，支持任务态结果。总之，本项目研究有助于深度解读遗尿儿童的认知控制和情绪加工机制，多维度刻画遗尿患儿伴随的脑影像改变，为遗尿症相关认知控制和情绪加工的机制研究和临床诊疗提供更多依据。