角接触球轴承高速电主轴多场耦合动力学及动态设计研究

The dynamic performances of motorized spindles in high speed machine tools directly affect the machining accuracy and efficiency, which has caused wide attention both at home and abroad. Due to the integration of the motor and the tool, the motorized spindle has more complex interaction mechanism compared with conventional spindles. Based on the high speed angular contact ball bearing motorized spindle, the research subgroups will be conducted in the project around the key scientific problem of physics laws of multi-physic coupling dynamics of high speed motorized spindles. The research has divided into the following three aspects. Firstly, the inner connexion among physical parameters of subsystems of the angular contact ball bearing motorized spindle is analyzed, and the coupling relationship among the mechanical, thermal and electromagnetic dynamics of the system is built up. Secondly, according to the coupling relationship, the mathematic model of multi-physic coupling dynamics and its solution procedure are presented, and the physics laws of multi-physic coupling dynamics of system are discussed. Thirdly, based on the analysis of multi-physic coupling dynamics and aimed at the optimization of multi-physic dynamic characteristics, the multi-objective dynamic design method is put forward with Grey Relational Analysis. The project aims to reveal the multi-physic and multi-parameter coupling dynamic behaviors and implement the multi-objective dynamic optimization of system, and provide theory and support for the research and development of high performance motorized spindles.

高速机床中电主轴的动态性能直接影响加工精度和效率，已引起国内外的广泛关注，研究难点在于电主轴驱动电机和加工主轴的一体化使其比传统机床加工主轴有着更为复杂的相互作用机理。本项目以角接触球轴承高速电主轴为研究对象，围绕“高速电主轴多场耦合动力学行为物理规律”这一关键科学问题展开研究，主要研究内容包括：1）分析角接触球轴承电主轴子系统物理参量之间的内在联系，建立系统机电磁热多场动力学行为之间的耦合关系；2）根据耦合关系建立系统多场耦合动力学数学模型及其计算流程，分析系统多场耦合动力学行为物理规律；3）基于系统多场耦合动力学分析，以系统多物理场动态性能为优化目标，应用灰色关联分析理论，提出系统多目标动态设计方法。项目旨在揭示角接触球轴承高速电主轴多场多参量耦合动力学行为，实现系统多目标动态优化，为高性能电主轴的设计研发提供理论指导和技术支撑。

高速机床中电主轴的动态性能直接影响加工精度和效率，已引起国内外的广泛关注，研究难点在于电主轴驱动电机和加工主轴的一体化使其比传统机床加工主轴有着更为复杂的相互作用机理。本项目以角接触球轴承高速电主轴为研究对象，围绕“高速电主轴多场耦合动力学行为物理规律”这一关键科学问题展开研究，主要研究内容包括：1）分析角接触球轴承电主轴子系统物理参量之间的内在联系，建立系统机电磁热多场动力学行为之间的耦合关系；2）根据耦合关系建立系统多场耦合动力学和切削稳定性模型及其计算流程，分析系统多场耦合动力学行为与切削稳定性物理规律；3）基于系统多场耦合动力学分析，以系统固有频率为优化目标，提出系统动态设计方法。研究结果表名，热机耦合因素对系统动态性能和切削稳定性影响大，电磁耦合因素只有在重载情况下对系统动态性能的影响不可忽略；前后轴承间距和主轴悬伸量对系统固有频率影响大；根据优化结果研制的样机在机床上进行了试加工。项目资助发表SCI/EI论文6篇，申请国家发明专利两项，协助培养硕士生3名。项目投入经费25万元，支出18.036099万元，各项支出与预算基本相符，剩余经费6.963901万元，计划用于研究后续支出。