Clostridium difficile is one of the major causes of antimicrobial-associated diarrhea (AAD), which is of low cure rate and high possibility of recurrence. The pathogen has become a huge medical challenge world-wide. In China, the epidemiology and virulence of Clostridium difficile clinical strains remain unclear, which significantly obstruct relevant clinical practice and management. In this study, we plan to characterize the epidemiology of Clostridium difficile isolates collected from multi-centers, by the combination using of isolates’ clinical information and genotyping by multiple molecular tools, e.g. PCR-ribotyping and multilocus sequence typing. Then we’ll detect the carriage of toxin-encoding and related regulating genes in isolates, analyze the genetic polymorphisms of toxin genes, and compare the expression of toxin genes in different strains. Based on results from above studies, the genetic background of representative Clostridium difficile isolates will be analyzed and compared by high-throughput sequencing techniques. Meanwhile, in vitro expression system will be developed for obtaining toxins A and B from clinical isolates, and virulence of toxins will be further determined by cell model-based experiments. Through the project, we plan to illustrate the pathogenicity of Clostridium difficile isolates in AAD patients in China, and the potential relationship between isolates’ pathogenicity, epidemiology and genetic background. We hope our results will promote the scientific development in clinical treatment, management and control of Clostridium difficile infections in China.
艰难梭菌感染是诱发抗生素相关性腹泻(AAD)的主要原因之一,治愈率低、复发率高,是全球瞩目的重大医学挑战。在我国,艰难梭菌感染的流行病学及菌株毒力资料极为匮乏,对二者间是否具有相关性更不明了,因而极大影响了临床的实践与管理。本课题将首先对收集自多中心的艰难梭菌菌株,使用核糖体分型、多位点序列分型等核酸分析技术进行基因分型,结合菌株临床资料阐明其流行病特征。检测菌株是否携带毒素编码基因及相关调控基因,分析A、B毒素基因的多态性,并对相关基因的表达情况进行比较。围绕发现的差异,通过高通量测序对代表性菌株的基因背景进行精细分析。同时,建立艰难梭菌临床分离株A、B毒素的体外表达体系,并通过构建细胞模型,测定菌株毒素毒力。据此明确我国AAD患者中艰难梭菌的毒力,并阐明毒力与菌株流行病学及基因背景的相关性,推动我国临床在艰难梭菌感染领域诊断、治疗、管理及感控方面的科学化发展。
艰难梭菌感染是诱发抗生素相关性腹泻(AAD)的主要原因之一,治愈率低、复发率高,是全球瞩目的重大医学挑战。在我国,艰难梭菌感染的流行病学及菌株毒力资料极为匮乏,对二者间是否具有相关性更不明了,因而极大影响了临床的实践与管理。本课题收集自多中心的艰难梭菌,使用核糖体分型、多位点序列分型等方法进行研究,发现我国主要流行型别包括ST81-PU09,ST37-RT017,ST3-RT001和ST54-RT012等,但不同中心间流行克隆有差异。药物敏感性方面,总体甲硝唑、万古霉素、美罗培南、哌拉西林-他唑巴坦较敏感,但四环素、大环内酯类、喹诺酮类抗菌药物耐药率高,同时ST81-PU09及ST37-RT017克隆更为耐药。GyrA、GyrB氨基酸替换是喹诺酮类耐药的主要机制,RpoB氨基酸替换是利福平耐药的主要机制。毒力方面,3株ST1-RT027型菌株出现毒素基因负调控子tcdC失活,导致毒素基因tcdA/B高表达;此外该型菌株携带二元毒素cdtA/B,在细胞毒性试验及动物实验中毒力明显强于其他型别菌株。常见流行克隆中,RT017型、PU09型菌株毒素A编码基因失活,但tcdB基因表达量高于RT001、RT012型菌株。四种常见艰难梭菌克隆均可引起较强的细胞病变效应,同时在动物模型致死率、肠道组织病变程度方面差异不显著。据此,我国AAD患者中艰难梭菌的毒力及耐药性与其流行病学及基因背景有显著关联。其中,国内较特有的ST81-PU09和ST37-R017型艰难梭菌虽然A毒素失活,但仍具有致病性,同时耐药性更强。另外较罕见的ST1-RT027型克隆具有显著的高毒力特征。下一步,研究将通过成果推广,推动我国临床在艰难梭菌感染领域诊断、治疗、管理及感控方面的科学化发展。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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