光固化电活性双亲共聚物胶束/CNT复合胶体的研究

Self-assembly of amphiphilic copolymer is a route for the fabrication of novel functional nano-materials which has been the research hotspot. Expanding the new applications of the self-assemblied nano-materials is one of the greater challenge of self-assembly. This project integration of the free radical chain transfer polymerization, self-assembly, nano-dispersion and UV curing technology, exploring the synthesis and self-assembled micelles of linear and branched amphiphilic polymers with different topology structure and photoelectric activity which were used for dispersing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and preparing complex colloid. Trying to grasp the effect of chain transfer monomer on the synthesis process and chain structure of branched polymer, and investigating the influence of the chain dimension and topology structure the amphiphilic polymer on the preparation process of self-assembed nanoparticles and the efficiency of photoelectric activity; Researching the effect of polymer structure on the surface activity of the assembly nanoparticles, optical properties and the capacity of dispersed carbon nanotubes; Exploring the interaction between the self-assembled nanoparticles and CNTs, and clarifying its mechanism and influencing factors; At the same time, expanding the application of multi-functional nanoparticles in the field of complex with CNTs, sensing, optoelectronics and other new features, promoting the further development of macromolecular self-assembly..

通过双亲共聚物自组装途径制备新型功能纳米材料是大分子组装研究热点，而拓展自组装功能纳米材料的新应用则是自组装研究当前面临的更大挑战之一。本项目拟融合自由基链转移聚合、自组装、纳米分散和紫外光固化等技术，探索合成具有不同拓扑结构的光电活性线形、支化形双亲聚合物，经与碳纳米管杂化组装及光交联制备电活性复合胶体的新途径。力图掌握链转移单体对支化聚合物合成过程及所得聚合物链结构的影响，以及双亲性聚合物链尺寸和拓扑结构对自组装光电活性纳米粒子制备过程和效率的影响规律；研究聚合物化学结构对组装体纳米粒子的光固化性能、表面活性、电活性及其分散碳纳米管能力的影响；探索自组装纳米粒子与CNT间的相互作用，阐明其作用机理和影响因素；同时致力于拓展所得多重功能纳米粒子在CNT复合、传感、光电等领域的新功能与新应用，促进大分子自组装的进一步发展。

本项目采用链转移自由基聚合合成了不同链结构（线型、支化型）的光固化电活性双亲共聚物，进而通过自组装、纳米分散和紫外光固化等技术的融合将其与碳纳米管杂化组装、光聚合制得电活性复合胶体。探索了共组装过程中共聚物与碳纳米管间的相互作用，阐明其作用机理和影响因素；并研究了共聚物化学结构对其光聚合和电聚合过程、复合胶体稳定性及其电化学传感性能的影响。研究结果如下：.（1）合成了一系列含咔唑基团的线型双亲共聚物（PVCM），通过其与碳纳米管的π-π 共轭作用实现了对碳纳米管的高效分散。具有电活性的咔唑基团在电聚合后在碳纳米管表面可形成导电性交联网络，增加了PVCM/MWCNT复合胶体改性电极的电子传输效率，从而提升了基于此的电化学传感器的检测灵敏性。.（2）一锅法合成了一种双亲光电活性支化型共聚物（BPVCM），共聚物分子链的共轭结构使其极易吸附在MWCNT表面获得稳定的BPVCM /MWCNT复合胶体，其所含香豆素光敏基元在发生光二聚后提高了复合胶体的稳定性；所含电活性咔唑基元通过电化学聚合有效改善了复合胶体的电子传输性能，基于此制成的传感器具有优异的电化学检测性能。.（3）合成了光敏双亲聚合物PSVM，经与金纳米粒子（AuNPs）、碳纳米管（MWCNT）共组装及光聚合后制得PSVM/MWCNT /Au纳米复合胶体。进一步提高了传感涂层的电子传输效率，并通过调整共聚物含量和结构实现了对传感涂层的性能调控。.