母国网络、动态能力与企业的国际二元性：以中国民营企业为对象的研究

The private enterprises have already become the emerging power in the outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) in China by virtue of their diversified business scopes and flexible decision-making mechanisms. Whether these private enterprises would gain competitive advantage in the world arena will influence the economic structure coordination and resource allocation optimization in China's growing path. Therefore, "how do private enterprises make foreign direct investment decision" is not only a key issue faced by entrepreneurs and managers, but also a new challenge for academic researchers. This project focuses on the OFDI activities of Chinese private enterprises. Firstly, following the Ownership-Location-Internalization (OLI) paradigm, we will start from the dynamic capability to explore the source of advantage in firms' internationalization. Then, by introducing the construct of international ambidexterity, we will verify the influence of firm's dynamic capability on international ambidexterity, taking the influence of different environmental factors and strategic choices in to consideration. After that, considering the specific context of bi-directional (i.e. inward and outward) foreign direct investment in China, we will analyze the antecedents of firm's dynamic capability from network perspective targeting foreign enterprises network in home country as well as indigenous enterprises network, and investigate the influencing mechanism of "home country network - dynamic capability - OFDI behavior". From such a step-by-step research, this project tries to explain that "how do Chinese private enterprises build up their dynamic capability through their learning in home country network so as to implement their international ambidexterity strategy ". By doing so, this project will also provide a theoretical guidance for Chinese private enterprises and other enterprises from emerging countries with similar characteristics to build up their own advantages and to implement global strategy in their internationalization process successfully.

中国民营企业凭借其关注范围广泛、决策机制灵活成为海外直接投资（OFDI）的新兴力量，其能否在世界舞台上赢得竞争优势，关系到我国在更广阔的发展空间里促进经济结构调整和资源优化配置。本项目以进行OFDI活动的中国民营企业为研究对象，首先，结合中国双向投资显著的独特情境，通过外资企业网络和本土企业网络两类不同特征的网络构建并验证母国网络的结构维度；其次，遵循的OLI范式逻辑，以企业国际化中的动态能力为切入点探讨企业国际化的优势来源；进而引入国际二元性的构念用以描述企业OFDI行为，并讨论母国网络与国际二元性之间的匹配关系；接下来，验证企业动态能力在母国网络与国际二元性之间的中介作用，完成"母国网络-动态能力-OFDI决策"的影响机理剖析；最后，比较不同环境因素和战略选择情况下的影响差异。通过层层深入的研究，尝试回答，"母国网络如何帮助民营企业构建其国际化的动态能力，进而实现企业国际二元性战略。"

近十年来，联想、吉利、三一重工等中国大型民营企业领跑国际化，裕人纺机、富丽达等越来越多的中小民营企业也成为海外投资的新兴力量。但是，在取得辉煌成就的同时，民营企业的海外直接投资仍然面临很多瓶颈制约。另一方面，在中国企业“走出去”的同时，高速流入的外商直接投资所形成的独特的母国企业网络扮演着重要角色。基于此背景，本课题围绕“民营企业如何通过母国网络来开展对外直接投资活动”主要完成了以下研究工作：（1）母国网络分类的重新界定与测度；（2）母国网络（结构和关系维度）对民营企业OFDI程度和绩效的影响；（3）从动态能力构建的视角，进一步探讨母国网络（关系维度）影响民营企业国际化决策的作用机制；（4）对组织二元性理论的重新审视，提出 “跨领域二元性”的概念并探究组织二元性对创新绩效的作用机制；（5）对影响民营企业对外投资决策其他因素的探究。围绕以上研究内容，课题组建立了二手和一手数据库，以及相关企业的案例库，18篇研究成果发表在中外文期刊。本课题的研究不仅丰富了母国网络和中国企业国际化活动的理论研究，还从国家政策、企业治理等角度为中国民营企业的海外投资提供了多方面的理论指导。