高量子产率发光氧化石墨烯的合成与重金属离子的特异性识别

The combination of nanomaterials and ions recognition technology has been a new development direction for the nanotechnology in the application of ions sensor. Owing to its good stability, good water solubility, biocompatibility and higher fluorescence quenching efficiency, Graphene oxide has caused widespread concern in the fields of genetic diagnostics, protein analysis and determination of small biomolecules in recent years. it is difficult to be applied to truly biomarkers, cell imaging and biochemical sensing applications owing to its lower fluorescence quantum yield. This project intends to design and synthesize light-emitting graphene oxide with a high fluorescence quantum yield to the detection of heavy metal ions having a specific recognition function. To explore improving fluorescence quantum yield by covalently modified GO using different amino acids; To achieve regulating the different light emitting wavelength and different luminescent properties of the light emitting graphene oxide. In addtion, we summarize the intrinsic relationships between the different modifying groups and the emission color, the light emitting peak position, the light emitting intensity, quantum yield of the graphene oxide,and further clarify its luminescence mechanism. On the basis of the as-produced light emitting graphene oxide, we further design and construct the heavy metal ions sensor with the ultra sensitive and high selectivity.

石墨烯由于具有较好的稳定性、良好的水溶性、生物相溶性和更高的荧光猝灭效率等优点，近几年在重金属离子检测、基因诊断、蛋白质分析及生物小分子测定等领域引起广泛关注。但是这种方法荧光量子产率较低，很难真正用于生物标记、细胞成像和生化传感等实际应用中。本项目着重设计合成对重金属离子具有特异性识别功能的高荧光量子产率发光GO。探索通过使用不同氨基酸来共价修饰GO，提高GO荧光量子产率，实现调控不同发光波长和不同发光性质的发光氧化石墨烯。总结不同修饰基团与氧化石墨烯的发光颜色，发光峰位，发光强度，量子产率等的内在关系，阐明其发光机理。利用高荧光量子产率发光氧化石墨烯，设计超灵敏和高选择性的重金属离子传感器。

随着社会的发展，人们对各种环境污染的控制和检测日益关注，尤其是对重金属离子及各种小分子的检测，已成为环境中最为凸显的问题。本课题针对这些问题，设计并制备了不同的碳基发光材料和贵金属纳米材料，检测了这些小分子和重金属离子，取得了一些研究成果。首先，我们通过溶剂化裁剪及酰胺化反应，获得了三种氨基酸修饰的小尺寸石墨烯量子点，系统研究了它们的形貌、结构及光学性质，提出了一种检测水样中Fe3+离子的综合性方法。随后，利用一步酸处理法获得了蓝色的碳量子点，构建了可对多西环素选择性检测的荧光传感器。其次，通过接枝获得了β-环糊精嫁接的柠檬酸，以其为盖帽和还原试剂制备了稳定的银纳米粒子，获得了可用于选择性检测核黄素的比色传感器。而以甲脒亚磺酸作为还原剂合成的淀粉包裹的银纳米则成功地用于比色检测Al3+，Cr3+，Fe3+和Hg2+四种重金属离子。本研究成果不仅为环境中重金属离子及小分子的检测提供了新方法，也拓展了新型纳米材料的应用范畴。项目资助发表论文14篇，授权发明专利1项、实用新型专利7项，培养在读硕士研究生2名，参加了4次学术会议。