黄瓜单性结实的蛋白质组学研究

Parthenocarpy is an excellent agronomic trait that can affect the yield and quality of cucumber. Parthenocarpy is regulated by variety of factors in a complex mechanism, and thus the research progress of parthenocarpic genes discovering and molecular regulation mechanism was slow. In this study, we intend to use proteomics and omics joint analysis to reveal the molecular regulation mechanism of cucumber parthenocarpy: Two-dimensional electrophoresis-mass spectrometry coupled technique and iTRAQ will be used for obtaining cucumber parthenocarpic proteomic data, the parthenocarpic protein information will be deeply screened by clustering, GO and VENN analysis, subsequently the key parthenocarpic regulation genes will be selected through omics joint analyzing with cucumber transcriptomes which have been obtained by our previous parthenocarpic studies. Transgenic technology will be used to identify functions of the parthenocarpic regulation genes and yeast two-hybrid also will be used for analyzing the interactions between the regulatory factors. Therefore, the cucumber parthenocarpic molecular mechanism will be globally revealed by above studies. Based on the omics studies, a large number of parthenocarpic genes will be discovered to provide assistance to improve the cucumber breeding. Besides, present study of cucumber parthenocarpic molecular regulation mechanism could provide a reference for parthenocarpy regulation studies in other crops.

单性结实不依赖于授粉/受精而坐果，可以提高果实的产量和品质，是黄瓜作物育种的关键目标性状。由于单性结实受多因素的复杂调控以及研究手段的局限，其分子机理相关的研究进展缓慢。本项目拟在本课题组已完成的黄瓜单性结实转录组学研究基础上，开展蛋白组学研究并采用蛋白组/转录组联合分析的策略，深入揭示单性结实分子调控机理：运用iTRAQ等技术获取黄瓜单性结实的蛋白组数据，通过差异表达量、基因聚类、GO、Pathway以及VENN分析等生物信息学方法，大量发掘单性结实相关基因；通过组学联合分析，准确预测黄瓜单性结实的关键调控因子，并采用转基因技术验证其调控功能，再通过酵母双杂交验证调控因子间的相互作用，揭示黄瓜单性结实的网络调控机理。本项目拟开展的组学研究将高通量地发掘黄瓜单性结实基因并深度地探索其分子调控机理，可以在黄瓜作物改良及单性结实分子调控机理研究等领域取得新突破。

单性结实不依赖于授粉/受精而坐果，可以提高果实作物的产量和品质，在黄瓜作物育种中是一种优异的目标性状。但由于单性结实受多因素的复杂调控以及研究方法的局限，相关分子机理研究进展缓慢。本项目在已完成的黄瓜单性结实转录组学研究的基础上开展了蛋白组学研究，同时系统地开展了黄瓜单性结实种质资源的搜集、鉴定以及单性结实育种分子标记开发研究。基于蛋白质组和转录组的联合分析，构架了黄瓜果实形成的核心蛋白互作网络，并初步揭示了一种激素不敏感的单性结实调控机理；结合单性结实QTL定位的结果，开发出首个可用于黄瓜单性结实性状改良的有效标记T-47，同时预测了11个单性结实调控关键基因，其中TIR1、AFB2、ARF10、WDR36和CML25-like等基因得到了克隆和转基因功能验证。共发表论文5篇，SCI论文1篇；申请专利1项；相关成果荣获江苏省科学技术二等奖1项；创制黄瓜单性结实优异育种材料43份，开拓了黄瓜单性结实育种的遗传基础，提升了我国单性结实黄瓜的育种水平。