综掘工作面三维多向旋流风幕阻隔粉尘弥散机理与应用基础研究

Unidirectional whirling air curtain in fully-mechanized excavated faces with long–pressing and short–pumping ventilation style is difficult to radially cover the whole section of roadway, inefficient on blocking dust and inconvenient in use. In order to solve the above problems, this project intends to put forward the theory of three-dimensional and multi-directional whirling air curtain, also aimed to study the mechanism and application technology about this kind air curtain blocking dust dispersion. A mathematical model which simulates the generation process of cutting dust when roadheader’s cutting heads crush coal and rock mass needs to be established. The generation rule of cutting dust is numerically simulated with the software EDEM, which is helpful to perfect the generation mechanism of cutting dust.Meanwhile dust particle characteristics need measuring through experiment. Integrated the advantages of continuum model and particle rack model, gas and dust particles two-phase flow mathematical model should be established.Furtherly, the rules of each ventilation parameters such as pressure air volume, pressing and pumping air volume ratio and axial and radial air volume ratio affecting the generation, migration and the ability to block dust dispersion of three-dimensional and multi-directional whirling air curtain field is numerically simulated with the above model. Then combined with the experimental results based on the simulation experiment system about fully-mechanized excavated faces with long–pressing and short–pumping ventilation style, the rule of three-dimensional and multi-directional whirling air curtain affecting the dispersion of dust flow field in fully-mechanized excavated faces can be conducted, which is useful to optimize the performance of air curtain generator, determine the mechanism of three-dimensional and multi-directional whirling air curtain blocking dust dispersion and put forward the corresponding dust blocking theory and technology suitable for fully-mechanized excavated faces. Only with these methods can the concentration of dust in fully-mechanized excavated faces be more effectively reduced.

针对综掘工作面长压短抽通风方式中单向旋流风幕难以径向覆盖巷道全断面、阻尘效率低、使用不便等问题，本项目拟提出三维多向旋流风幕理论，并研究其阻隔粉尘弥散的机理与应用技术。建立掘进机截割头破碎煤岩体产尘的数学模型，采用EDEM软件数值模拟截割产尘规律，完善掘进机截割产尘机理，并实验测定粉尘颗粒特性；综合连续介质模型与颗粒轨道模型的优点构建气体－粉尘颗粒两相流动数学模型，对综掘工作面压风量、压抽比、轴径比等通风参数影响三维多向旋流风幕风流场形成、运移及阻隔粉尘弥散的规律进行数值模拟，并结合基于长压短抽式通风综掘工作面仿真实验系统的实验结果，得出综掘工作面三维多向旋流风幕影响粉尘流场弥散的规律，优化风幕发生装置性能，确定三维多向旋流风幕阻隔粉尘弥散的机理，提出适合综掘工作面的三维多向旋流风幕阻隔粉尘弥散理论与技术，以有效降低粉尘浓度。

针对综掘工作面长压短抽通风方式中传统单向旋流风幕难以径向覆盖巷道全断面、阻尘效率低、使用不便等问题，对综掘工作面三维多向旋流风幕阻隔粉尘弥散理论与技术开展了系统、深入的研究。基于本项目发表学术论文33篇（SCI检索9篇，EI检索16篇，核心期刊8篇），授权发明专利31项，出版专著1部，获得省部级科技奖励10项，其中，省部级一等奖4项、二等奖5项，研究成果在山东能源集团、霍州煤电集团等煤炭企业得到应用推广。主要创新成果如下：.(1) 根据掘进机截割头运动及颗粒的接触特性，建立了适合掘进机截割头破碎煤岩体产尘的数学模型，应用C++语言编写了接触模型插件、颗粒体力插件和粘接模型插件，采用EDEM软件基于建立的数学模型及编写的插件，从煤岩性质、截割头结构尺寸、运动参数等角度，数值模拟出了截割产尘规律，确定了掘进机截割产尘机理；并通过实验测定获得了综掘工作面各生产工序粉尘颗粒特性。.(2) 建立了适合数值模拟三维多向旋流风幕风流场运移的数学模型，采用FLUENT软件数值模拟出了不同压风量、压抽比、轴径比等通风参数条件下三维多向旋流风幕风流场的形成及运移规律，拟合出了各因素影响三维多向旋流风幕形成的数学关系式，确定了三维多向旋流风幕的形成机理。.(3) 建立了可准确数值模拟综掘工作面气体－粉尘颗粒两相流动的数学模型，利用FLUENT软件数值模拟出了不同类型长压短抽式通风综掘工作面不同通风参数条件下的粉尘浓度及粒度分布状况，数值模拟出了三维多向旋流风幕影响粉尘流场弥散的规律。.(4) 根据数值模拟结果，优化了多向旋流风幕发生装置的结构参数，研制出了阻燃、抗静电的新型高分子材料轻质风幕发生装置，在自主设计的长压短抽式通风综掘工作面仿真实验系统进行了三维多向旋流风幕阻隔粉尘弥散的仿真实验，总结出了综掘工作面三维多向旋流风幕阻隔粉尘弥散的机理，并确定了适用于不同类型综掘工作面的最佳通风参数，提出了适合综掘工作面的三维多向旋流风幕阻隔粉尘弥散理论与技术。