As an important type of epigenetic regulation mechanism, RNA editing causes alterations in protein-encoding sequences that result in activation of oncogenes or inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes, thereby contributing to cancer initiation and development. Our preliminary results have identified adenosine-to-inosine (A to I) RNA editing of AZIN1 (encoding antizyme inhibitor 1), which is highly correlated with the various subtypes of colorectal cancer. Overexpression of RNA-edited AZIN1 is significantly associated with enhanced cellular proliferation and Bcl-2-mediated inhibition of apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. The current project aims to utilize the SILAC (stable isotope labeling with amino acid in cell culture) technology to uncover the critical signaling molecules and pathways that mediate the tumor-promoting activity of RNA-edited AZIN1. In particular, we will focus on Bcl-2 and Mps1 that are essential to regulating apoptosis and proliferation, respectively. We shall then validate and recapitulate our findings using in vivo mouse models. We will also interrogate the TCGA database to evaluate the clinical relevance of RNA-edited AZIN1 in patients with colorectal cancer. The project will ultimately provide important molecular insights into the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer that may pave the way for designing novel targeted therapies with improved efficacy.
表观遗传学调控机制中RNA编辑可致蛋白重编码,激活促癌基因或失活抑癌基因从而影响肿瘤发生发展。前期工作发现抗酶蛋白抑制子1(AZIN1)存在A到I的RNA编辑致蛋白重编码,并与TCGA数据库中结直肠癌的各分子亚型密切相关。过表达RNA编辑的AZIN1会促进结直肠癌细胞增殖并通过Bcl-2表达增加抑制凋亡。本项目拟在前期工作基础之上应用SILAC技术以广撒网的方式解析RNA编辑的AZIN1参与诱导结直肠癌细胞恶性生物学表型变化的信号传导通路;再由面及点的方式阐明RNA编辑的AZIN1通过Bcl-2调控细胞凋亡及经由Mps1调控细胞增殖;然后通过小鼠模型验证RNA编辑型AZIN1促进肠肿瘤的形成与转移;最后计算分析AZIN1的RNA编辑水平与TCGA数据库中结直肠癌患者临床资料的关系。旨在揭示RNA编辑的AZIN1调控结直肠癌发生发展的分子机理,为结直肠癌靶向治疗提供更有价值的理论和实践依据。
本项目首次发现了A到I的RNA编辑是癌细胞中蛋白质组多样性的一个来源,阐释了RNA编辑导致蛋白质变异和多样性的分子机制,鉴定到了多个在癌症发生发展过程中起重要作用的RNA编辑事件。阐明了抗酶蛋白抑制子1(AZIN1)存在的A到I的RNA编辑致蛋白重编码,并且RNA的编辑酶ADARs家族的ADAR1在多种类型人类肿瘤中调控AZIN1的RNA编辑。进一步诠释了结直肠癌生长的血管微环境中,RNA编辑型AZIN1促进肿瘤血管生成的分子机制。鉴于不同类型肿瘤中存在基因组广泛的RNA编辑事件,并且大量的RNA编辑事件具有临床相关性,以及大多数位点位于非编码区域,因此同时针对非编码区的RNA编辑开展相关研究。研究成果揭示了RNA编辑型miRNA不仅在基因调控上有重要作用,还可能成为肿瘤的预后和治疗的潜在标志物。其中重点阐释了受ADAR2编辑调控的RNA编辑型miRNA-379-5p,在泛癌中靶向CD97,抑制肿瘤细胞增殖促进凋亡,并通过采用目前正用于临床I期实验的小RNA的特殊纳米脂质体的包装方式,对这个编辑型miRNA-379进行加工处理,注入体内可显著抑制肿瘤生长,延长实验动物生存期。表明RNA编辑型miRNA-379-5p具有治疗肿瘤的潜在可能和转化为临床应用的巨大潜力。以上成果在分子层面上提供了一种新思路来理解癌症的机理,对癌症的精准治疗意义重大,有助于在精准治疗中对每个患者制定个体化治疗方案。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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