黄瓜永久群体的基因组作图及在果实性状遗传分析中的应用

Cucumber is an economically important crop. Although the genome sequences was released, less important gene/QTLs were fine mapped in cucumber, thus limiting the application of sequences in the molecular breeding. To fine map the important gene/QTLs in cucumber, we constructed three permanent populations including two recombinant inbreed lines (RIL) and one introgression line (IL). For the recombinant sites determined by the traditional genetic map were not precise, the number and position of QTLs detected were limited. In the proposal, we will determine the precise position of recombinant sites and construct the ultra-high density genetic map for the three populations using the new high-throughput sequencing technology. On the basis of the genetic maps, the QTLs for fruit length and fruit tumor color will be fine mapped in the high-resolution combining the results of whole genome association analysis. The results will facilitate the mapping of other important gene/QTLs, and provide insights into the recombination in cucumber.

黄瓜是重要的蔬菜作物。虽然近期我国在黄瓜基因组研究上取得了重大突破，但重要性状控制基因/QTL研究仍然滞后，不能满足分子育种的需求。为研究控制重要性状的基因/QTL，我们已构建了3个永久群体，包括两个重组自交系和一个渐渗系。由于传统遗传图谱不能精确地定位重组位点，基因/QTL的定位受到很大限制。在前期研究中已完成上述三个永久群体亲本测序的基础上，本项目拟对三个群体的所有个体进行低覆盖度的测序，进而确定重组位点的精确位置，构建超高密度和精度的基因组图谱；在此基础上，利用这三个群体的基因组图谱，并结合黄瓜核心种质资源的全基因组关联分析，精确定位控制瓜长的QTL和控制果刺颜色的基因。本研究将促进黄瓜重要性状的基因/QTL定位研究，并为了解黄瓜重组热点研究提供更多理论知识。

黄瓜是重要的蔬菜作物。虽然近期我国在黄瓜基因组研究上取得了重大突破，但重要性状控制QTLs/基因研究仍然滞后，不能满足分子育种的需求。为促进重要性状的QTLs/基因研究，本项目对永久群体的所有个体进行低覆盖度的测序，进而确定重组位点的精确位置，完成构建了黄瓜的超高密度遗传图谱，精细定位了黄瓜4个质量性状基因和10个性状的28个QTL位点，揭示了黄瓜基因组重组的基本特点，并且提高了基因组序列图谱的质量，为黄瓜功能基因组学研究提供了更好的平台，为进一步克隆重要性状基因奠定了更好的基础。此外，为培育高品质黄瓜提供了可用的分子标记位点，可促进黄瓜的高品质育种。相关结果已在Nature Genetics、Molecular Plant、BMC Genomics、Science等高影响力期刊发表了4篇SCI论文和一篇中文核心期刊论文。.