A great progress has been made over the past decade on the beiging of adipose tissue by immune regulation, because enhanced beige fat function may have great metabolic benefits including prevention of over-nutrition-induced obesity and insulin resistance. However, the mechanisms by underlying beige fat development remain elusive. Our preliminary data suggest that increasing the cellular levels of miR-182 may play an important role in macrophage-mediated beigeing of white adipose tissue. In this project, we will use adipose tissue-specific knockout and overexpression and macrophage dificiency animal models to elucidate the mechanism by which miR-182 suppresses inflammation, promotes beiging, and improves metabolic homeostasis. Identification of new players in the immune-metabolic regulation of beige fat thermogenesis and their mechanisms of action would provide important information for developing novel therapeutic treatment of obesity and its metabolic diseases.
近年来大量研究表明免疫细胞应答白色脂肪组织(White adipose tissue or WAT)米色化(Beiging),增加胰岛素敏感性,改善调节代谢平衡从而抵抗肥胖。然而,脂肪细胞与免疫细胞相互应答调控白色脂肪米色化的机制尚不十分清楚。我们前期研究的一个重要发现是小鼠脂肪组织中miRNA-182刺激巨噬细胞调控白色脂肪米色化。本研究通过miR-182敲除及脂肪特异性过表达miR-182TG小鼠模型、巨噬细胞敲除等小鼠模型,从分子、细胞和在体三个不同层面系统研究miRNA-182刺激巨噬细胞调控白色脂肪米色化的作用和机制,为白色脂肪米色化免疫调控抵抗肥胖及肥胖诱导的代谢性疾病的预防和治疗提供新的靶点和思路。
脂肪细胞与邻近细胞(如驻留的或浸润的巨噬细胞)之间的相互作用对脂肪组织功能和全身代谢稳态至关重要。然而,脂肪细胞与脂肪组织中巨噬细胞的相互作用的确切机制尚待进一步阐明。本课题组研究首次发现脂肪细胞中miR-182-5p是一种重要的抗肥胖因子,可介导脂肪细胞和巨噬细胞之间的相互作用来促米色脂肪细胞产热。miR-182-5p在产热脂肪细胞中高度富集,小鼠在冷刺激条件下其表达显著升高。相比之下,miR-182-5p在肥胖人群和小鼠脂肪组织中的表达显著降低。miR-185-5p的敲除降低了小鼠冷刺激条件下诱导的米色脂肪产热,而miR-185-5p 的过表达增加了米色脂肪产热。miR-182-5p通过靶向抑制Nr1d1从而促进脂肪细胞中FGF21的表达和分泌,进而刺激巨噬细胞中乙酰胆碱的合成和释放。巨噬细胞分泌的乙酰胆碱作用于脂肪细胞中的尼古丁乙酰胆碱受体,从而刺激PKA信号传导进而促进产热基因的表达。该研究揭示了miR-182-5p/FGF21/乙酰胆碱轴在调控脂肪细胞与巨噬细胞相互作用从而促进产热中的关键作用,在脂肪组织中激活miR-182-5p诱导的信号通路可能是改善肥胖和相关代谢性疾病的一个有效途径,也为临床上治疗肥胖及相关代谢性疾病提供新的思路和依据。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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