工作搜寻中的相遇机制对劳动力市场雇佣双方匹配的决定机制研究

This project studies the effects of contact technologies on the sorting between heterogenous workers and firms in the labor market. This is an important question. The sorting between heterogenous workers and firms affects directly the average productivity and the propensity for innovation in the labor market. In a well-functioning economy, workers are allocated to the firms where they are most useful. If the sorting process is frustrated by the meeting process, there is a potential for government intervention, while if the observed sorting patterns are driven by an almost frictionless meeting process, there is not much need for intervention. Formally, we analyze a market in which firms compete for heterogeneous workers by posting wage mechanisms. A general meeting technology governs how firms and workers meet. We introduce a one-to-one transformation of this meeting technology that helps to clarify and extend many of the existing results in the literature, which has focused on two special cases: urn-ball and bilateral meetings. Furthermore, we show that the sorting pattern in labor markets with frictions depends not only on the complementarity in the production function but also the contact technology under consideration. Our study not only improves the theory on the sorting in the labor market but also provides suggestions on policies that try to improve the efficiency of the labor market.

劳动力市场中企业和工人的匹配模式直接影响着社会总体生产率和技术创新，从而关系到我国经济是否可以持续健康发展。现实中的匹配过程通常受到各种约束，如求职者的时间成本，对职位信息的不了解，或企业面试求职者的成本，我们概称为相遇机制。本研究旨在揭示相遇机制对雇佣双方匹配的决定机制，明确影响匹配模式的关键因素，提出改进劳动力市场匹配效率的有效措施。为此，首先将建立同时考虑相遇机制和企业及工人异质性的劳动力市场搜寻和匹配模型；然后运用劳动力市场数据和计量经济学方法，检验影响雇佣双方匹配模式的主要因素；最后，提出促进劳动力市场沿着有利于效率和创新的目标进行的政策。创新在于：同时考虑相遇机制与生产函数互补性对劳动力市场匹配的影响；引进了一个新的分析工具使得理论突破变得可能；利用我国工业企业数据库对理论进行检验。该研究将深化劳动力市场匹配的理论研究，为制定促进劳动力市场匹配效率的政策提供理论支撑和实证依据。

劳动力市场中企业和工人的匹配模式直接影响着社会总体生产率和技术创新，从而关系到我国经济是否可以持续健康发展。现实中的匹配过程通常受到各种约束，如求职者的时间成本，对职位信息的不了解，或企业面试求职者的成本，我们概称为相遇机制。本研通过揭示相遇机制对雇佣双方匹配的决定机制，明确影响匹配模式的关键因素，提出改进劳动力市场匹配效率的有效措施。为此，首先建立了同时考虑相遇机制和企业及工人异质性的劳动力市场搜寻和匹配模型；然后分析相遇机制如何影响劳动力市场均衡的有效性以及雇佣双方的匹配模式；最后，提出促进劳动力市场沿着有利于效率和创新的目标进行的政策。创新在于：同时考虑相遇机制与生产函数互补性对劳动力市场匹配的影响；引进了一个新的分析工具使得理论突破变得可能。该研究将深化劳动力市场匹配的理论研究，为制定促进劳动力市场匹配效率的政策提供理论支撑和实证依据。