Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV) is a neurotropic coronavirus that primarily invades the central nervous system in piglets and causes nerve cells damage. Our previous study found that PHEV infection induces autophagosome formation in nerve cells, but the expression of the key autophagy-initiating kinase ULK1 is significantly down-regulated, suggesting that the mechanism of PHEV-induced autophagy may be more complicated than the classical ULK1-dependent pathway. In our project, to gain insight into the ULK1 and its autophagy-related homologue ULK2 kinase, its knockout cell line is established, respectively. By detecting autophagosome formation, autophagy lysosome maturation and degradation in these cells, we first clarify the role of ULK1/2 in neuronal basal autophagy and PHEV-induced autophagy. To elucidate the role of the crossover and feedback loop between ULK1/2 and other important autophagy-related regulators in the PHEV-induced autophagic signal, we subsequently perform nutrient/energy deficient conditioning, autophagy signaling inhibitor/activator induction, liposome kinase assay, etc. The expected results not only clarify the autophagy-core molecular machinery in PHEV-infected nerve cells, but also explain the mechanism of PHEV-induced neurological dysfunction, and also provide an important reference strategy for the development of new antiviral drugs.
猪血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒(PHEV)是一种嗜神经性冠状病毒,主要侵害仔猪中枢神经系统诱发神经细胞损伤。本团队前期研究发现,PHEV感染神经细胞可诱导自噬体形成,但自噬启动激酶ULK1表达却显著下调,提示PHEV诱导神经细胞自噬的机制可能较经典的ULK1依赖性途径更为复杂。为解析这一科学问题,本项目拟以ULK1及其自噬相关同源物ULK2激酶为研究对象,分别建立其基因敲除细胞系,通过检测自噬体形成、自噬溶酶体成熟和降解等,明确ULK1/2在神经细胞基础自噬及PHEV诱导自噬中的作用;利用营养/能量缺失条件性培养、自噬信号抑制剂/激活剂诱导、脂质体激酶测定等方法,系统阐明ULK1/2与自噬通路重要分子之间的广泛交叉和反馈环在PHEV诱导神经细胞自噬中的调控作用。预期成果不仅可阐明PHEV诱导神经细胞自噬的分子机制,有利于解释PHEV致神经功能障碍的机理,并为新型抗病毒药物研发提供重要的参考策略。
细胞自噬是动物机体内一种重要的保护和防御机制,在冠状病毒感染及神经退行性疾病的发生发展过程中发挥着十分复杂的调控作用。本项目以猪嗜神经性β冠状病毒——猪血凝性脑脊髓炎冠状病毒(PHEV)为研究对象,明确PHEV感染对神经细胞自噬的诱导作用,分析ULK1激酶在PHEV诱导神经细胞自噬和病毒感染中的功能,并深入探究PHEV诱导神经细胞自噬的ULK1非依赖性分子机制。基于小鼠和神经细胞(WT和KO细胞)模型研究证实,PHEV在体内和体外感染均显著诱导神经细胞中自噬体(AP)积累,且ULK1激酶失活/缺失不影响PHEV诱导的AP形成;体外磷酸化研究表明,PHEV感染关闭了mTOR-ULK1信号,而AP生物发生主要由AMPK驱动的BECN1S94磷酸化控制,且该信号转导不依赖于ULK1对BECN1S15磷酸化修饰;此外,BECN1缺乏可阻断LC3脂化并破坏LC3-ATG14复合物的招募作用,但BECN1异位表达在一定程度上可促进PHEV基因组复制。上述研究结果,揭示了PHEV激活的一种非典型自噬新机制,该ULK1非依赖性自噬信号可绕过mTOR、ULK1等多个重要自噬信号分子,直接作用于BECN1下游信号,推测这是冠状病毒的适应性进化机制的一种体现,为嗜神经β冠状病毒与宿主互作解析提供了新的见解。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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