新型碳纳米哑铃材料的可控合成及电化学性能研究

This project seeks to advance the frontiers of synthesis, characterization, and understanding of properties of a novel carbon nano-material, carbon nanodumbbells, consisting of carbon nanotubes and carbon nanoballs. Starting with these carbon nanodumbbells as a foundation, we propose the exploration of possible multiple-dimensional scope and the development of advanced carbon materials with novel functionality. The carbon nanodumbbells not only offer excellent properties of electricity and mechanics, respectively, and but also have a feature of dumbbell-shaped, chemically stable, and high surface area with a high density of activation sites. The major objective of this proposal is the development of a high-yield and high-efficient chemical vapor deposition method to produce high-purity carbon nanodumbbells using hydrocarbon precursors. The focus will be on a systematic optimization of the experimental conditions required for synthesizing these carbon nanodumbbells and understanding of their formation mechanism. Their electrochemical behaviors will be also systematically investigated. The nanodumbbells are novel carbon nanostructures, suitable for a variety of applications including electrochemical energy storage, catalyst carrier, and composites. Development of low-cost and large-scale methods for the production of these nanodumbbells will represent a major new innovation. This proposal if funded will significantly enhance the basic research into advanced carbon materials via the diversification of carbon nanostructures and presents a pathway towards the development of patterned structures and applications thereof.

碳纳米哑铃是碳纳米材料领域里的一个全新结构，是一种基于共轴碳纳米管和两头空心碳纳米球的全新特定复合结构。以此为基础探索先进炭材料纳米空间的可能领域，发现新现象和新功能。作为一种全新全碳纳米结构，碳纳米哑铃不仅集成了碳纳米管和吸球状碳纳米球各自本身优异的电学、力学属性外，而且具有哑铃架构、化学稳定、多活性位、比表面积大等结构性能特点。本项目以有机化合物催化热解法大量高效合成碳纳米哑铃为主要目标，针对关键的制备技术进行系统研究，阐明控制制备这种全新全碳纳米材料的生长机制；系统研究碳纳米哑铃的电化学性能，建立其结构与性能间的相互关系。本项目是开发新型碳纳米哑铃直接制备方法的前期基础研究工作，完全基于全新碳纳米结构，具有创新性。碳纳米哑铃可用于电化学储能、催化剂载体、复合材料增强体等领域。本课题的成功开展将推动先进炭材料纳米空间结构多样化的基础研究，为碳纳米哑铃材料的实际应用奠定科学基础。

碳纳米哑铃是碳纳米材料领域里的一个全新结构，是一种基于共轴碳纳米管和两头空心碳纳米球的全新特定复合结构。以此为基础探索先进炭材料纳米空间的可能领域，发现新现象和新功能。作为一种全新全碳纳米结构，碳纳米哑铃不仅集成了碳纳米管和吸球状碳纳米球各自本身优异的电学、力学属性外，而且具有哑铃架构、化学稳定、多活性位、比表面积大等结构性能特点。本项目以有机化合物催化热解法大量高效合成碳纳米哑铃为主要目标，针对关键的制备技术进行系统研究，成功制备出碳纳米梨（单个哑铃）和碳纳米珍珠链（哑铃成串）材料，阐明控制制备这种全新全碳纳米材料的生长机制，具有创新性。本课题的成功开展将推动先进炭材料纳米空间结构多样化的基础研究，为碳纳米哑铃材料的实际应用奠定科学基础。并成功制备出石墨烯气凝胶和石墨烯量子点及阵列碳纳米管。系统研究了石墨烯气凝胶的电化学性能，大大提高了锂硫电池的性能。石墨烯和碳纳米管复合导电浆料成功在锂离子电池生产中获得了广泛的应用。