基于内嵌光纤FRP智能锚杆的边坡锚固稳定性监测与评价方法研究

Disaster prevention of slope and landslide has become an important subject of large-scale infrastructure construction, urban development as well as environmental protection and its most important issue is slope stability. Accordingly, in order to solve the key problems on the load transfer mechanism and mechanical behavior of FRP anchor as well as monitoring and assessment methods of the anchored-slope stability, this proposal aims to develop a novel smart fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) anchor with built-in optical fiber, inheriting both the excellent durability from FRP and the distributed monitoring from optical fiber sensor. Then, the distributed stress monitoring technology of this smart anchor is studied and proposed. With the distributed stress monitoring technology, this research then focuses on the stress distributed characteristics, load transfer mechanism and mechanical behavior of the smart anchor, through the model experiment and theoretical analysis. Also the model experiment and numerical simulation of the anchored slope under surface loading and continuous rainfall (two common disaster-inducing factors) are carried out and some smart anchors are used to strength the slope and monitor its stress distribution and evolution. Based upon the distributed stress monitoring technology of this smart anchor, the stability monitoring and assessment method of the anchored-slope is studied and proposed. Finally, these above approaches and techniques will be applied in identified projects to develop a demonstration..Through this research, the manufacturing process of the smart FRP anchor will be developed and its load transfer mechanism as well as distributed-stress evolution will be revealed. Also a convenient and practical approach for the stability monitoring and assessment of the anchored-slope will be proposed.

边坡和滑坡灾害防治已成为大规模基础设施建设、城市开发及环境保护等领域的重要研究课题，其首要问题是边坡锚固稳定性问题。为此，围绕FRP锚杆的荷载传递机理和承载特性及其加固边坡稳定性监测和评价方法的关键科学问题，本项目融合FRP锚杆高耐久和光纤传感技术分布式测试的特点，研制一种兼具承载与感知特性的内嵌光纤FRP 智能锚杆，研究其工作机理及应力分布式监测方法；通过模型试验和理论分析，研究FRP智能锚杆的荷载传递机理及承载特性；在此基础上，针对坡面堆载、持续降雨两种常遇孕灾模式，展开边坡锚固稳定性监测的模型试验和数值模拟研究，发展基于FRP智能锚杆应力分布式信息的边坡锚固稳定性监测方法，探讨边坡锚固系统的应力演化规律及其稳定性评价方法，并建立工程应用示范。.通过上述研究，发展一套内嵌光纤FRP 智能锚杆的制备工艺，揭示其荷载传递机理与承载特性，提出一种方便实用的边坡锚固稳定性监测和评价方法。

边坡锚固稳定性监测与评价方法研究已成为岩土工程领域亟待开展的课题。纤维增强塑料锚杆（FRP）是一种由高性能纤维和树脂基体材料复合成型的新型锚杆，同时光纤传感技术的发展为锚杆应力长期监测提供新的技术手段。融合FRP锚杆高耐久和光纤传感技术分布式测试的特点，本项目研制了一种兼具承载与感知特性的智能锚杆，系统研究了其工作机理与应力监测方法以及制备方法与工艺，构建了加锚边坡的应力监测系统；开展了智能锚杆锚固系统的荷载传递特性模型试验研究，获得了静载拉拔过程中智能锚杆的应力分布式监测信息、荷载传递规律及应力和变形特性；建立了锚固系统界面的双指数曲线剪切滑移模型及对应的荷载传递解答；分析了锚固长度对锚固系统荷载传递和承载特性的影响，提出了锚固长度临界值的计算和设计方法；研究了加锚边坡锚杆轴力产生机制，探讨了加锚边坡稳定性安全系数和锚杆轴力之间的函数关系，提出了基于锚杆轴力信息的加锚边坡稳定性评价和预警方法。