考虑总量折扣的运输服务采购问题研究

Nowadays, the demand on transportation service is growing. How to apply scientific systems and optimization methods to support transportation service procurement is concerned by more and more shippers. Due to the recent changes in the shipping environment, both shippers and carriers started to introduce total quantity discounts that could bring benefits to both sides in transportation service procurement. This project is to study transportation service procurement problem under a total quantity discount structure. There are quite a few papers that are closely related to this topic in the existing literature. And the results are limited in those papers. In preliminary study, we found that shippers can apply better strategies and methods in the procurement to reduce transportation costs. The project consist of three parts: (1) the total quantity discount problem; (2) the transportation service procurement problem under a total quantity discount; (3) the transportation service procurement problem considering total quantity discounts and practical business sider constraints. The research becomes more complex after including more constraints but gets more close to applications in the real world. We will develop an optimization model to characterize the impact of total quantity discount factors, integrating transportation service procurement with practical business constraints, so as to minimize the total cost. To express the total quantity discounts, the model becomes more complex by introducing additional decision variables and constraints. In our research plan, we will develop dedicated solution methods for this problem, including exact methods and heuristics, by applying a suite of optimization techniques with sophisticated analysis on the nature of the model. Extensive experiments on a set of data generated from practice will be carried out to test the different methods. Effective methods will be identified and extended for applications in practice.

近年来，国内外对运输服务的需求不断增加，如何在运输服务采购中运用科学的决策方法来降低运输费用成为众多企业关注的问题。本项目拟研究考虑总量折扣的运输服务采购问题，相关方面的文献较少且不够深入，我们通过对该问题初步地考察后发现，企业可以制定更加灵活的采购策略以达到降低运输费用的目的。具体研究内容包括以下三个方面：（1）考虑总量折扣的基本采购问题；（2）考虑总量折扣的运输服务采购问题；（3）考虑总量折扣和商业约束条件的运输服务采购问题。这三个问题逐步深入，我们将对研究问题的结构特点进行分析，然后设计精确算法和启发式算法。基于来自实际企业的运输服务采购数据，将通过大量的科学实验来验证算法的有效性，最有效的算法和相关的解决方案将会被应用到实际中去。

随着国内外对运输服务的需求不断增加，在运输服务采购中如何决策成为众多货主的难题。本项目研究了运输服务采购中的一系列问题，包括考虑总量折扣的运输服务采购问题、考虑总量折扣和商业约束条件的运输服务采购问题。另外在项目的开展过程中，我们还研究了考虑运输时间、同时最小化运输时间和运输费用的运输服务采购问题。在这些研究中，我们通过算法设计，提出优秀的算法，包括分支定价精确算法、启发式算法、双目标进化算法、双目标分支定界算法等，为货主决策运输服务采购方案提供了技术和策略，能够有效减少企业的运输成本，提升货运服务质量。.本课题的研究成果已经发表在知名的国际期刊上，包括《Transportation Science》、《Transportation Research Part-B：Methodological》、《Omega》、《European Journal of Operational Research》等等，项目期间共发表了9篇SCI论文。