陶瓷靶界面击溃效应微观机制及宏观临界特性研究

Interface defeat plays an important role in the field of protection resulting from its great potential in improving the capability of ceramic armor to defeat projectile. At present, the study of interface defeat is focused on the plain facts without doing a deep research on its fundamental theory. To solve the existing problems and figure out the micromechanics of interface defeat, experimental study, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation will be conducted. Firstly, quasi-static indentation test will be performed to study failure patterns by observing the failure behavior of ceramic at micro-scale. This approach will lead to the establishment of micromechanics of damage evolution in ceramic. Secondly, the experimental technology of impact will be improved, with which experiments of interface defeat between ceramic and high-speed projectile will be performed. Combined with numerical simulations, the law in change of projectile and state of target will be analyzed. Meanwhile, the particular mechanism of interface defeat will be explored with the knowledge in micromechanics of quasi-static damage evolution. Finally, the critical theoretical model of interface defeat/penetration transition will be established. This project has a great contribution to the knowledge of interface defeat in micro, meso and macro structures which provides the design of light and high performance ceramic armor with basic guide.

陶瓷的界面击溃效应有助于提高其抗弹性能，在装甲防护领域具有重要的应用前景。本项目针对陶瓷材料冲击破坏特性研究不深入、陶瓷靶界面击溃效应作用机理不清等现状，采用实验研究、理论分析和数值模拟等手段，进行陶瓷准静态压痕实验，观测陶瓷微观破坏模式，建立陶瓷微观损伤演化机制；发展陶瓷动态冲击破坏实验测试技术，开展射弹撞击陶瓷界面击溃效应实验，结合数值模拟，研究界面击溃过程中弹靶变化规律；同时，依据陶瓷微观损伤演化模型，建立界面击溃下陶瓷的损伤演化微观机制；根据界面击溃/侵彻转变过程，建立相关模型，确定转变条件。该项研究对获得射弹高速撞击陶瓷产生界面击溃过程的宏-细-微观机制具有重要意义，同时也为设计低面密度高强度陶瓷复合装甲奠定研究基础。

陶瓷的界面击溃效应有助于提高陶瓷复合装甲抗弹性能，在装甲防护领域具有重要的应用前景。本项目针对陶瓷材料冲击破坏特性研究不深入、陶瓷靶界面击溃效应作用机理不清等现状，采用实验研究、理论分析和数值模拟等手段，对陶瓷靶界面击溃效应微观机制及宏观临界特性进行了研究。主要内容和结论如下：(1) 进行陶瓷冲击加载实验，观测陶瓷微观破坏模式，建立理论模型描述陶瓷微观损伤演化过程。(2)基于接触理论建立多层靶的应力分布理论模型，建立理论模型描述陶瓷中损伤扩展及宏观锥裂纹、轴向裂纹及粉碎区的发展过程。(3) 根据陶瓷破坏过程，建立陶瓷/金属半无限靶复合靶的界面击溃/侵彻转变理论模型，研究结果表明，陶瓷/金属半无限靶中陶瓷材料对其内部粉碎区影响较大，对锥裂纹的扩展影响较小；有限厚陶瓷/金属复合靶中陶瓷需要金属提供足够的支撑，使陶瓷金属复合靶能在较高速度下产生界面击溃效应。(4) 发展陶瓷动态冲击破坏实验测试技术，开展射弹撞击陶瓷界面击溃效应实验，结合数值模拟，研究了界面击溃过程中弹靶变化规律。该项研究对获得射弹高速撞击陶瓷产生界面击溃过程的宏-细-微观机制具有重要意义，同时也为设计低面密度高强度陶瓷复合装甲奠定研究基础。