仿头足类动物多色系电致变色材料和器件的制备及性能研究

Electrochromic materials have important application in display, automobile rearview mirror, smart windows, solar thermal regulation devices, as well as aerospace and defense industries such as visible and infrared stealth. Cephalopods represented by octopus possess strong color-changing abilities due to distinctive structure of their body wall, and thus color-changing materials with such structure own very significant academic merits and application prospects. The study have used cephalopod’s body wall as prototype to multicolor, high color contrast, and rapid color-changing performance of smart electrochromic material and device by selecting electrochromic material and tunable photonic crystal material to respectively simulate pigment layer and iridescent layer of cephalopod’s body wall, and constructing control system. We have deeply investigated the effect of material composition, material structure, and field conditions in dielectric constant, photonic band gaps and structural color of photonic crystal, and electrochromic performance via studying performance, thus building the relations and laws between field conditions, structural parameters and device performance. Moreover, we have also researched collaboration and coupling discoloration mechanism between electrochromism and photonic crystal, established color-changing law, realized color-changing behavior and mechanism of dual role between pigment color and and structural color. These studies will provide new ideas and ways for obtaining a new generation of electrochromic device, and therefore greatly improve performances of existing electrochromic materials and devices.

电致变色材料在显示器、汽车观后镜、智能窗、光热调控器件、以及可见和红外隐身等航天和国防领域具有重要应用。章鱼等头足类动物由于其体壁的特殊结构而表现出强大的变色能力，这种结构的变色材料具有非常重要的学术研究价值和应用前景。本项研究以头足类动物的体壁结构为原型，分别以电致变色材料和光子带隙可调谐的光子晶体材料准确模拟头足类动物体壁的色素层和虹彩层结构，同时搭建控制系统，构筑具有多色系、高颜色对比度、快速变色性能的智能电致变色材料和器件。通过性能研究，深入探索材料组成、结构、以及外场等条件对光子晶体介电常数、光子带隙和结构色、器件电致变色性能的影响，建立外场作用、结构参数与器件性能的关系和规律。探索器件的电致变色和光子晶体结构色的协同耦合变色机制，建立其变色规律，实现色素和结构生色双重作用的变色行为和机制，为获得新一代电致变色器件提供新的思路和途径，提高我国现有电致变色材料和器件的性能。

章鱼等头足类动物由于其体壁的特殊结构而表现出强大的变色能力，这种结构的变色材料具有非常重要的学术研究价值和应用前景。我们提取了头足类动物的体壁结构为原型，分别研究了电致变色材料和光子带隙可调谐的光子晶体材料的光学性能。研究电致变色材料电压与色度、响应时间的关系，建立电致变色色度、响应时间、电压与材料体系关系，明确其电致变色机理。研究了光子晶体周期、结构间距和种类以及外加电压对光子晶体结构色的影响，建立电压、周期和结构种类与结构颜色的对影响关系，明确其动态调节的表示机理。利用电致变色和可调节光子晶体材料分别模拟色素层和虹彩层结构，研究了电致变色材料与光子晶体结构色材料之间的耦合规律，明确两种材料之间相互租用机制。研究了新型电致变色器件的性能，建立材料组成、结构、以及外场等条件对光子晶体介电常数、光子带隙和结构色、器件电致变色性能的影响，建立外场作用、结构参数与器件性能的关系和规律，阐明了器件的电致变色和光子晶体结构色的协同耦合变色机制，实现色素和结构生色双重作用的变色行为和机制，为获得新一代电致变色器件提供新的思路和途径，提高我国现有电致变色材料和器件的性能。本项目研制的多色系和快速响应的电致变色材料和器件将在显示器、汽车观后镜、智能窗、光热调控器件、以及可见和红外隐身等航天和国防领域具有重要应用前景。