重味夸克作为夸克-胶子等离子体探针的非微扰研究

The underlying quantum field theory of strong interaction --- Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) predicts that at high temperatures/baryon densities, the ordinary nuclear matter consisting of mesons and baryons will be turned into a new state of matter --- the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QCD) through the deconfinement phase transition. The Relativistic Heavy-ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Lab and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN are currently performing high energy heavy ion collision experiments, aiming to create QGP in laboratory and study its novel properties. Heavy quarks (charm and bottom), owing to their large current masses, their thermalization in QGP is much delayed compared to light quarks and gluons that make up the QGP bulk, so that they can be used as an effective probe of the QGP. In this proposal, we aim to develop and generalize the heavy quark transport model that was previously proposed and successfully applied to the RHIC case. In addition to promoting the theoretical understading of heavy quark physics in the context of QGP, we will, in connection with the latest experimental measurements, study various observables of heavy quark probes at LHC and RHIC, including the nuclear modification factors, elliptic flows of heavy quarks, heavy flavor mesons and the single electrons decaying from heavy flavor mesons. We will also investigate the correlated heavy flavor dileptons (the invariant mass spectra and momentum spectra and elliptic flow) that result from correlated charmed mesons' decay after thermalization and energy loss in the hot and dense medium.

量子色动力学（QCD)预言普通核物质在高温和／或高重子数密度条件下将发生退禁闭相变，产生一种新的物质形态－－夸克－胶子等离子态（QGP）。目前，在美国布鲁克海文国家实验室的相对论重离子对撞机（RHIC）和欧洲核子中心的大型强子对撞机（LHC）都在运行高能重离子碰撞实验，其目的就是在实验室产生QGP并研究其特有的性质。重味夸克（粲夸克和底夸克）由于质量比较大，其热化相对轻味的夸克、胶子得以推迟，在实验上可以作为QGP 的一个有效探针。本申请中，我们将发展和推广我们之前提出的用于描述RHIC情形的重味夸克输运模型，试图进一步定量理解重味夸克作为QGP探针的物理内涵，并联系最新的实验进展，详细研究重味夸克探针在LHC和RHIC情形的各种可观测量，包括重味夸克、重味介子(D/B介子)和非光子单轻子的核修正因子、椭圆流，以及关联粲夸克对经过在QGP中输运后弱衰变导致的关联轻子对的不变质量谱和椭圆流。

量子色动力学（QCD)预言普通核物质在高温和／或高重子数密度条件下将发生退禁闭相变，产生一种新的物质形态－－夸克－胶子等离子态（QGP）。目前，在美国布鲁克海文国家实验室的相对论重离子对撞机（RHIC）和欧洲核子中心的大型强子对撞机（LHC)都在运行高能重离子碰撞实验，其目的就是在实验室产生QGP 并研究其特有的性质。重味夸克（粲夸克和底夸克）由于质量比较大，其热化相对轻 的夸克、胶子得以推迟，在实验上可以作为QGP 的一个有效探针。本申请中，我们将发展和推广我们之前提出的用于描述RHIC情形的重味夸克输运模型，试图进一步定量理解重味夸克作为QGP 探针的物理内涵，并联系最新的实验进展，详细研究重味夸克探针在LHC 和RHIC 情形的各种可观测量，包括重味夸克、重味介子(D/B 介子)和非光子单轻子的核修正因子、椭圆流，以及关联粲夸克对经过在QGP 中输运后弱衰变导致的关联轻子对的不变质量谱和椭圆流。