Dazl在牙鲆配子发生过程中的功能和调控机制研究

Fish is an important research model as well as one of the main protein sources for human beings. For these reasons, it is necessary not only to recover the genetic resources of endangered fish, but also to preserve excellent aquaculture breeds for the long term. It is of great significance to develop effective and stable methods for preserving fish integrative genetic information. Germ cell is the ideal tool for fish genetic resources preservation. Studies on the growth mechanism of fish germ cells will help to cope with the increasing depletion of resources and environmental problems, and open up a new way to fish germplasm preservation and cell engineering breeding. This study focuses on Dazl, one of the most important factors of germ cell development, to (1) screen Dazl target genes; (2) construct the Dazl gene regulatory network; (3) regulate Dazl expression artificially in vivo and in vitro; and (4) detect the developmental variation of germ cells during sex hormone induction. All these works will help to investigate the function and regulation mechanism of Dazl during gametogenesis, pave the way for the preservation of excellent fish breeds and endangered fish germplasms, and lay a foundation for cell engineering breeding in fish.

鱼类是重要的研究模型，也是人类重要的蛋白质来源，濒危鱼类的遗传资源需保护，水产优良品种的种质需长期保存，建立鱼类完整遗传信息长期稳定的保存方法意义重大。生殖细胞是鱼类遗传资源保存的理想细胞类型，对其发育机制的研究，不仅可以应对日益枯竭的资源和环境问题，还可以为鱼类种质保存和细胞工程育种开辟新的途径。本研究以生殖细胞发育的重要因子Dazl为研究对象，筛查牙鲆Dazl的靶基因，构建基因调控网络，在细胞和活体水平上对Dazl进行基因表达的人工调控，探究Dazl的功能及其对靶基因的调控机制。同时，利用性激素对生殖细胞进行诱导，研究Dazl及其靶基因在诱导过程中的功能和调控作用，系统解析Dazl对牙鲆配子发生过程的调控机制和作用机理，为开展鱼类生殖细胞的人工调控，特别是鱼类优良品种和濒危物种的种质保存以及细胞工程育种奠定理论基础。

本课题以牙鲆为实验对象，研究了生殖细胞发育的重要因子Dazl在配子发生过程中的功能和调控机制。通过RIP实验筛选DAZL的靶基因，并对靶基因的功能进行了研究；在细胞和活体水平上对DAZL进行了基因的敲降和过表达，探究了DAZL的功能及其对靶基因的调控机制；以性激素刺激作为辅助手段，检测了DAZL及其靶基因在配子发生过程中的调控作用机理。该课题的成果将为开展鱼类生殖细胞的人工调控，特别是鱼类优良品种和濒危物种的种质保存以及细胞工程育种奠定理论基础。