框支式SGP夹层玻璃幕墙的抗爆性能和破损机制研究

As a kind of safety glass, framed SGP laminated glass is widely adopted in large-scale public buildings as it can effectively reduced casualties caused by high-speed glass fragments due to blast. However, little research work has been done on its blast resistance. To mitigate the blast consequence, this project proposes a systematical study on blast resistance and failure mechanism of framed SGP laminated glazing subjected to blast loading..Based on the static tensile and compressive tests, the static mechanical property of tempered glass in tension and in compression can be obtained. The strain rate effect on the mechanical property of tempered glass can be studied through impact tests employing split Hopkinson bar and then the dynamic material property model will be set up. The prestress distribution model of tempered glass will be built through prestress tests and finite element quenching simulation. Through static and dynamic experiments, the influence of strain rate and temperature on material property of SGP can be studied, and a unified constitutive model for SGP will be proposed. In the meantime, the biaxial tensile constitutive model of SGP will be established through the biaxial tensile test. Considering the real performance of SGP, a finite element model of laminated glass is to be established and its effectiveness will be verified by comparing the measured response from the heap load test on framed laminated glazing panel. A series of field blast tests will be then carried out to investigate the damage mode and failure mechanism of framed SGP laminated glazing panel. Based on the energy balance approach, an analytical method for calculating the pressure asymptote and impulse asymptote of framed SGP laminated glass panel for different damage levels is proposed. Furthermore, with the finite element analysis, the whole P-I curves can be produced, which can provide a reference for practical engineering blast resistant design of framed SGP laminated glazing..The research results from this project can be applied for the blast-resistance design and/or evaluation of framed SGP laminated glazing.

SGP夹层玻璃作为一种安全玻璃，可有效避免爆炸作用下玻璃破碎后产生的碎片飞溅，因此被广泛应用于大型公共建筑。但国内外对其抗爆性能的研究较少。为此，本项目拟从材料、构件、结构层次系统研究框支式SGP夹层玻璃幕墙的抗爆性能。.首先通过静动态压缩和劈裂试验，建立钢化玻璃的动态本构模型；通过预应力测试和淬冷模拟，确定钢化玻璃的预应力分布模型；通过SGP的静动态力学试验，构建考虑温度和应变率的SGP统一本构模型；通过双轴拉伸试验研究SGP双轴拉伸力学性能；考虑SGP的实际贡献，提出夹层玻璃的力学模型，并通过堆载试验进行验证；然后通过场地爆炸试验和数值分析，研究框支式SGP夹层玻璃的动态响应特征与破损机制；最后通过理论分析，建立不同破坏等级框支式SGP夹层玻璃的P-I曲线渐近线理论模型，并结合有限元分析提出实用抗爆设计方法和有效措施。.项目研究成果可用于框支式SGP夹层玻璃幕墙的抗爆设计和评估。

本项目围绕钢化玻璃和SGP夹层材料的静动态力学性能、框支式SGP夹层玻璃在准静态荷载和爆炸冲击波作用下的力学性能和破损机制进行了系统性研究，主要内容及成果如下：.1. 通过系列准静态及动态力学性能试验，获得了退火玻璃和钢化玻璃的动态压缩及动态劈裂强度，建立了强度动力放大系数-应变率关系曲线。研究结果表明退火玻璃、钢化玻璃的劈裂强度、压缩强度在中高应变率范围内都表现出明显的应变率效应；.2. 通过量测残余应力确定了钢化玻璃的表面预应力分布。通过退火玻璃、钢化玻璃面板的四点弯曲试验以及有限元模拟，验证了钢化玻璃应力叠加原理的适用性；.3. 通过系列准静态/动态单轴拉伸试验和循环加卸载试验、以及动态力学（DMA）试验，研究了SGP力学性能的温度(-40℃-80℃)、应变率(0.001/s-800/s)以及加载时间敏感性。建立了描述其剪切松弛模量随时间和温度变化的广义Maxwell模型、考虑温度及应变率相关的单轴拉伸动态本构模型以及加卸载下的变模量模型；.4. 通过系列试验，研究了SGP夹层玻璃在准静态加载和长期堆载下的力学性能。通过有限元分析，确定SGP夹层玻璃截面应力分布及工作状态，并对比验证了不同等效厚度计算模型有效性。研究表明，常温下SGP夹层玻璃受面外短期荷载时表现为整体截面受力模式；高温下（60℃）及长期荷载作用下SGP夹层玻璃面板刚度下降，表现为复合截面受力状态；.5. 通过场地爆炸试验，研究了爆炸作用下框支式SGP夹层玻璃的动态响应和破坏模式。基于爆炸试验结果分析，提出了考虑二次冲击的爆炸超压时程拟合方法，并进一步建立了框支式SGP夹层玻璃抗爆性能分析有限元模型。.6. 提出一种理论-数值结合的框支式夹层玻璃P-I曲线建立方法，用于快速评估框支式夹层玻璃的抗爆性能。通过概念分析及有限元模拟确定了P-I曲线的负压影响区（1/12≤t/T≤1）以及影响区各关键点发生的条件。.项目成果可用于框支式SGP夹层玻璃幕墙的抗爆设计和抗爆性能评估。