城市立体空间紧凑性对办公建筑能耗碳排放的影响效应及优化策略研究

Compact and intensive development is an important strategy for urban development in china. In the background of rapid urbanization, carbon emission from official buildings is quickly growing which has become one of the non-ignorable factors influenced urban sustainable development. Therefore, it is urgent to deeply explore the effects of compact form on the carbon emissions from urban official buildings energy usage, and to determine the suitable compact form met the low carbon emission from buildings. ..In this research, we propose to develop three-dimensional spatial form compactness index based on the reduction target of carbon emission from building energy usage. The RS/GIS methods will be used to fast and accurately extract and analyze the characteristics of spatial compactness. Mathematical statistics calculation will be applied to optimize the driving behavior model of compactness on the corresponding carbon emissions, and then to fully reveal the influential effect of urban three-dimensional compactness on the carbon emissions. The suitable compact spatial from strategies for reducing carbon emissions from the residential buildings will be derived by quantitative calculation using geographical detector and attainable ability model establishment. Moreover, future building energy carbon emission will be predicted by using general regression neutral network method based on the spatial optimization. ..Based on multi-source data, this project will apply different theories, and methods to deeply explore the driving mechanisms of compact urban form on the official buildings energy usage, and to get the suitable detailed compact form for low carbon building construction. This study has great significance to guide the rational distribution of urban space, to promote energy conservation and emission reduction, and to ensure the urban sustainable development.

紧凑集约发展是我国城市发展的重要策略。在快速城市化背景下，办公建筑能耗碳排放迅速增加，已成为影响城市可持续发展不可忽视的因素之一。因此对城市紧凑性的办公建筑碳排放影响效应进行深入研究，进而提出满足低碳办公建筑建设的紧凑空间形态优化途径具有紧迫和必要性。本项目以城市典型办公建筑为例，构建以建筑能耗碳减排为目标的立体空间形态紧凑性指数；应用GIS/RS技术，快速精确提取并分析空间紧凑性特征；应用数理统计计算方法优化“紧凑性的建筑能耗碳排放驱动行为方程”，充分揭示立体空间紧凑性对建筑碳排放的影响效应；构建生态可达性指标，应用地理探测器研究紧凑空间优化途径，并应用深度学习方法，预测生态空间优化情景下的建筑能耗碳排放趋势。本研究基于多源数据、多元方法与多元模型的耦合，将实现建筑能耗碳排放的立体空间紧凑形态驱动机制的深度挖掘，以及紧凑空间布局优化的定量化统计描述，将保障城市的可持续发展。

为满足快速城市化，紧凑成为重要的城市形态。如何在集约利用立体空间的同时满足建筑减碳目标的实现，对于城市的可持续发展具有重要的作用。因此迫切需要对城市紧凑性的建筑碳排放驱动机制进行分析并提出城市形态的优化策略。. 本研究应用立体空间形态特征测度法，基于微气候对建筑体的影响尺度，构建以建筑能耗碳排放为影响对象的紧凑立体空间形态指数，解析紧凑空间形态的建筑能耗碳排放作用机理，并通过城市生态用地在紧凑环境约束下的变化特征，探究实现建筑低碳排放的城市空间紧凑优化途径。 . 本项目应用万有引力定律发明了城市立体紧凑性指数构建模型以及绿地空间格局的建筑能耗碳减排可达性模型；运用数理统计方法发明了目标源驱动的建筑能耗碳排放计算方法；应用景观生态学理论发明了绿地景观格局对建筑能耗的影响距离计算方法；运用物理学、数学理论以及空间分析技术方法开展了建筑能耗碳排放的驱动机理及各单元要素的驱动贡献，剖析了立体紧凑性对建筑能耗碳减排的驱动途径，挖掘以碳减排为目标的立体紧凑形态优化方法。. 本项目研究将为城市立体空间的集约利用规划和实施提供数据和策略支持，对实现建筑低碳排放与城市立体空间形态优化的双赢具有重要意义。