基于摩擦起电和LC频率调制的自驱动无线双参数传感器关键技术研究

Wireless sensor network can be widely used in the area of intelligent manufacturing, environment monitoring etc., while the long-term power supply of it became a bottleneck problem, which can very possibly be solved by using Triboelectric Nanogenerator (TENG). However, due to the small number of parameters TENG can detect, high energy loss during storage, high power consumption of wireless transmitting module etc., the existing TENG based wireless sensor can not achieve both wide applicability and good timeliness. The project intends to improve the existing TENG based wireless sensor through two ways: Firstly, by modulating the frequency component of TENG signal, the features of TENG self-powered sensor and LC passive sensor can be combined together, which can achieve much wider applicability. Secondly, an integrated synchronous switch enhanced laser based wireless transmitting system has been proposed, which abandoned the battery and the wireless module to achieve much lower energy loss for better timeliness. Above all, this project is composed of 3 parts: theoretical analysis and modelling, fabrication and characterization, application verification, through the research of coupling and decoupling mechanism of dual-parameter, an optimized design and fabrication flow of frequency modulated TENG sensor can be obtained for the purpose of real-time wireless self-powered duel-parameter sensing.

无线传感器网络在智能制造、环境监测等领域拥有广泛的应用场景，但存在无线传感节点长期供电的瓶颈问题，利用摩擦纳米发电机（Triboelectric Nanogenerator, TENG）收集环境能量的自供能技术有望解决此问题。但现有基于TENG的无线传感技术方案，由于TENG传感器可传感量少、储能环节能量损耗大、无线芯片功耗高等缺点，难以同时满足广适用性和高实时性的要求。因此，本项目一方面提出频率调制TENG的方法，结合TENG自驱动和LC无源传感器的特点，达到双参数传感的目的，实现广适用性；另一方面，提出集成开关结构增强的基于光通讯的无线信号传输系统设计方法，舍弃电池和无线发射芯片模块，达到大幅缩小能量损耗的目的，实现高实时性。本项目拟从建模设计、制备测试和应用验证三个方面开展，通过双参数耦合解耦机理研究，获得一套频率调制TENG的优化设计及制备工艺方法，达到无线双参数实时传感的目的。

项目针对现有基于TENG的无线传感技术方案，可传感量少、储能环节能量损耗大、无线芯片功耗高等缺点，根据项目书的研究计划，有针对性进行了（1）利用频率调制TENG信号的方法，实现双参数、多参数传感（2）舍弃电池，利用机械/电子开关，实现低功耗实时的无线信号发送。研究从建模设计、制备测试和应用验证三个方面开展，通过多参数耦合解耦机理研究，获得一套频率调制TENG的优化设计及制备工艺方法，达到无线多参数实时传感的目的。.本项目建立了频率调制的TENG传感器的等效电路模型，揭示了多参数影响下幅值/频率变化的耦合机理，提出了谐振信号的多参数解耦提取路径，获得了一套基于TENG的多参数自驱动传感器的优化设计理论与方法。目前已基本完成了项目要求的研究内容，并且后续还开展针对本项目进一步的深入研究，包括在多参数传感方面，通过将单谐振结构拓展为多谐振结构，可以实现多个独立的谐振体系峰，将项目原定的双参数传感拓展为三参数以上同时传感；在自供能实时无线传感方面，将机械开关改进为更稳定的电子开关，可以将系统稳定性大幅提升，并改进无线发射电路，实现更稳定的无线信号发送；同时探索了基于磁耦合谐振原理的无限能量/信号传输体系，保证更稳定和远距离的自驱动无限能量传输。基于以上结果，项目针对道路交通人流车流监测、环境温度/湿度/液位等参数自驱动传感、工厂分拣、无损探伤，无线胎压监测等方面进行了应用验证，验证了基于频率调制的自驱动无线TENG传感系统的可行性。.在基础研究成果方面，项目共发表高水平SCI期刊8篇，其中中科院1区7篇，包含自然子刊一篇。获授权中国发明专利1项，4项中国发明专利实审中。协助培养硕士研究生6名。