长链非编码RNA、信使RNA在新疆哈萨克族、汉族2型糖尿病中的差异表达及调控关系研究

The adults of Kazak were generally obese, but their morbidity of type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM） was lower than that of Han population. The mechanism was not clear. It may result from the genetic backgrounds in different ethnic groups under the action of environmental factors. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can regulate gene expression in a variety of ways, which may relate to pathogenesis of T2DM. Based on literatures and our previous work, we hypothesize that the differently expressed lncRNAs between Kazak and Han was related to their incedence of T2DM. In this study, we will compare the expression profiles of lncRNAs and their related mRNAs between individuals with T2DM of Kazak and Han and their control groups. Then, the lncRNAs that may be as biomarkers of T2DM will be screened out. By bioinformatics method, the function and signal pathways of the mRNAs expressed differently between T2DM and control group will be annotated. The mRNAs participating in the pathogenesis of T2DM and the differently expressed lncRNAs between T2DM and control group will be selected to construct the lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network in Kazak and Han, respectively. This study is aimed at investigating the regulatory effect of lncRNAs on its target mRNAs in T2DM, and exploring the role of lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network in the mechanism of T2DM between Kazak and Han population. This research will provide the theoretical basis and experimental evidence for the intensive study in the role of lncRNA playing in the pathogenesis of T2DM.

哈萨克族成年人普遍肥胖，但2型糖尿病（T2DM）患病率显著低于汉族，原因尚不清楚，可能与环境因素作用下两民族的遗传背景相关。长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）以多种方式调控基因表达，参与糖尿病发病。我们由此提出假设，哈、汉两民族lncRNA表达谱的差异造成其在疾病中的调控作用不同，可能是影响两民族T2DM患病率的重要原因。本课题拟对比研究哈、汉两民族T2DM患者与对照组间lncRNA及与其相关的信使RNA（mRNA）表达谱的差异，筛选出可能作为T2DM分子标记物的lncRNA；通过注释差异表达的mRNA的功能及所涉及的信号通路，挑选出与糖尿病发病相关的mRNA，构建lncRNA-mRNA共表达网络，研究lncRNA对其靶mRNA表达的调控作用，探讨lncRNA在T2DM发病机制中的作用，对比哈、汉两民族之间的差异，为深入研究lncRNA在T2DM发病过程中的调控功能提供理论基础和实验证据。