废屑品位调控原位转变铝基再生材料界面结构及增强机理研究

Aimed to solve the problem of difficultly recycling of aluminum chips with the oil, emulsion and other organics, the preheating treatment was applied to improve the grade of chips by the decomposition of the organics. Combined with the solid state recycling process, the aluminum recycled material which was reinforced by carbide and oxide particles can be manufactured directly. This method is easy to solve the remove problem of the organic contaminant on the surface of the chips, which causes bad interface combination of solid state recycled material, and exerts the advantages of solid state recycling process effectively, such as no melt pollution, low cost and suitable for preparing large-scale products. By investigating the transformation of the organic contaminant, distribution characteristics of decomposition products on the chips surface and its effects on interface structure of the recycled materials during the preparation process, the grade control and improve mechanism of chips, the effects of introduced carbide particles and oxide particles on interface bonding and mechanical properties of recycled aluminum alloy would be revealed. Meanwhile, the criterion of grade control, the interface structure of recycled materials and the reinforcement mechanism of in-situ transformation carbide particles also would be expounded. This above research is very important to provide the necessary theory support and practice guidance to the manufacture of recycled aluminum alloy, such as microstructure and mechanical properties control, design, exploitation and application.

针对夹带乳化液和油污等有机物的铝合金切削废屑难以回收的问题，对此类废屑进行预加热处理，通过使有机污染物发生分解转变来提高废屑品位，然后通过固相再生方法直接制备具有碳化物和氧化物两种颗粒复合增强的铝基再生材料。该方法既解决了长久以来废屑固相再生过程中表面有机物难以去除而使界面污染结合不牢固的突出问题，又有效地发挥固相再生工艺无熔体污染、低生产成本、适于制备大尺度产品的优势。本项目拟通过研究制备过程中有机污染物的转变分解、分解产物在屑表面的分布特征及其对再生材料界面结构的影响等，揭示废屑品位的调控及提高机制、碳化物及氧化物颗粒的引入对再生材料的界面结合和力学性能的影响等规律，阐明废屑品位调控准则、再生材料的界面结构及原位转变碳化物颗粒的强化机制。本项目的顺利进行将为铝基再生材料的设计开发、组织性能调控及其工程应用提供必要的理论支持和实践指导。

针对夹带乳化液和油污等有机物的铝合金切削废屑难以回收的问题，本项目通过对废屑进行预加热处理，利用有机溶剂的热分解特性，在一定温度下将废屑表面的有机污染物原位转变为碳化物颗粒，研究了有机物在铝合金废屑表面的分布状态和原位转变机制，揭示了不同的预处理工艺对铝合金废屑表面碳化物颗粒的形貌、尺寸、成分、分布等结构的影响规律，采用固态再生成形技术制备了高性能铝基再生材料，获得了铝基再生材料的界面结构及结合机制，碳化物颗粒、氧化物颗粒与基体的协同作用效应及协调增强机理。本项目的结果将为铝基再生材料及其制备工艺的设计开发提供实践基础和理论指导。强力推动固态再生技术在铝合金绿色低碳的可持续发展领域中实现应用。