Neurons are highly polarized cells characterized by a long axon and multiple short dendrites. The polarization of axon and dendrites underlies the unidirectional flow of information transfer, which is essential for the establishment of functional circuits in the central nervous systerm. In development of cerebral cortex, after the final division, neurons transform from a multipolar to a bipolar shape with a leading process and a tail process which develop into dendrites and axons respectively and then migrate along radial glial fibres. Remarkble progress has been made in intracellular mechanism regulating neuronal polarity in the past three decades, however, the role of extracellular moleculars in neuronal polarity has not been fully understood. According to studies in our group, Netrin-1/DCC plays an important role in neuronal morphology transition and neuronal migration. We presume that Netrin-1 secreted from venticular zone and subventricular zone locally activates its membrane receptor DCC, which promotes neuronal transition from multipolar to bipolar. Extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), key moleculars downstream of Netrin-1/DCC, play an important role in regulating neuronal polarity and neuronal fate. In this research, the expression pattern of Netrin-1 and DCC will be addressed and the involvement of Netrin-1/DCC in neuronal polarity, migration and fate detemination will be proved with the aid of in utero electroporation. In plus, we will put emphasis on the regulation of Netrin-1/DCC on ERK1/2 and investigate the coordination of neuronal polarization and neuronal fate.
成熟的神经元具有高度极化的轴树突结构,保证了信息的单向传递,是构成功能性神经网络的基础。大脑皮层投射神经元的极性建立发生在新生神经元从多极形态向双极形态转换,确立引导突为树突雏形,尾随突为轴突雏形,经动态迁移和胞体移位定居皮层板。生理条件下,关于胞外导向因子在神经元极性发育过程的作用尚缺乏深入研究。结合近几年研究进展和我们的前期基础,推测脑室层高表达的Netrin-1通过局部激活跨膜受体结肠癌缺失蛋白(Deleted in Colorectal Cancer,DCC),促进神经元从多极形态向双极形态转换。胞外信号调节激酶1/2(Extracellular Signal-Related Kinase 1/2,ERK1/2)受DCC调节,是影响神经元极性和命运的关键内部因素。本立项主要通过体内电转技术以及细胞分子生物学手段,研究Netrin-1/DCC信号在神经元极性发育过程的作用及分子机制。
成熟的神经元具有高度极化的轴树突结构,保证了信息的单向传递,是构成功能性神经网络的基础。大脑皮层投射神经元的极性建立发生在新生神经元从多极形态向双极形态转换,确立引导突为树突雏形,尾随突为轴突雏形,经动态迁移和胞体移位定居皮层板。生理条件下,关于胞外导向因子在神经元极性发育过程的作用尚缺乏深入研究。Netrin-1是轴突导向因子Netrin家族的重要成员,在不同物种间高度保守。Netrin-1主要通过两类受体影响神经元的轴突投射:DCCs和Unc5,分别介导轴突吸引和轴突排斥反应。目前,Netrin-1信号在神经元极性建立过程的作用并不明确。.本立项主要通过体内电转技术以及细胞分子生物学手段,研究Netrin-1/DCC信号在神经元极性发育过程的作用及分子机制。本项目研究发现:DCC在胚胎期小鼠大脑皮层的中间区域高表达,中间区是新生神经元迁移形成额中间区,神经元在该区域完成多极形态向双极形态转换,暗示DCC可能参与新生神经元的极性转换和迁移。免疫共沉淀实验证明胚胎脑组织匀浆中内源表达的DCC与Dab1存在于同一个复合物中。GST-pulldown实验证明DCC通过其胞内的P3结构域和Dab1的PTB结构域存在相互作用。Netrin-1结合到受体DCC上会引发胞内接头蛋白Dab1分子发生磷酸化,并且这种磷酸化激活受Src家族激酶的活性的调节。敲减DCC的表达会延迟皮层神经元的辐射迁移,并且抑制神经元从多极向双极的形态转换。自发突变缺失DCC的P3结构域同样影响神经元的辐射迁移和形态转换以及Netrin-1介导的Dab1的磷酸化激活水平。Dab1的磷酸化或Fyn激酶的激活能够补救干扰DCC所造成的迁移阻滞和神经元形态转换异常,证明了Fyn激酶是Netrin-1下游调节Dab1磷酸化并参与调节皮层神经元迁移的主要Src家族激酶成员。综上所述,本研究表明Netrin-1/DCC信号通过Fyn调节Reelin信号通路关键蛋白Dab1的磷酸化,从而影响皮层神经元的极性性态转换和迁移,揭示了一条新的影响神经元形态转换和迁移的关键信号通路。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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