MicroRNA (miRNA) is a type of endogenous non-coding small RNA with important regulation function in eukayotic genome. More and more species or linkage specific "young" miRNAs were identified by high-thoughput small RNA sequencing, which play important roles in species differentiation and stress response. There have been several models to explain how plant generated a short reverse complementary sequence and evolved to a new miRNA gene. However, many details of miRNA gene evolution process are still unclear. This project will study the sequence variation and evolutionary events of tomato-specific miRNA gene homologues among Solanum species, based on the prediction of miRNAs in whole tomato genome previously. During the initial research one tomato-specific miRNA gene sly-newt22 has been detected to have significant variation between domestic tomato and wild species. We will explore the details of this miRNA gene evolution and the role of transposable elements in this process. Transgene and RNA-Seq techniques will be used to investigate how the function of this miRNA evolved. This project study tomato-specific miRNA gene evolution from the new perspective of domestication, which will be very helpful to understand the process of tomato domestication and molecular breeding.
近年来在植物中发现了许多物种特异性的新生miRNA,在物种分化和植物应激反应中起重要作用,成为进化生物学研究的热点,但对其进化细节还有诸多未解问题。本项目以重要蔬菜作物番茄为研究对象,综合利用高通量小RNA测序数据,栽培番茄、野生番茄和马铃薯等茄属植物全基因组序列数据,以及茄科其他物种材料测序数据,在前期已全面鉴定的70个番茄特有miRNA基础上,通过比较基因组学分析,探索番茄特有miRNA基因在番茄物种分化过程中的进化特点。前期研究还首次发现了一个驯化过程中逐步形成的番茄特有miRNA基因sly-newt22,后续将重点研究其具体进化历程和转座子在该过程中的作用;并采用转基因和RNA-Seq等技术,探讨sly-newt22的调控功能。本项目从驯化的新角度来研究番茄特有miRNA基因的进化,对于深层次理解番茄驯化的过程及指导番茄分子育种具有重要意义。
miRNA是一类20-24nt的内源非编码小RNA,能够通过抑制翻译,或使目标mRNA降解,从而调控基因表达。部分miRNA在大多数植物中都很保守,而另一部分是物种特异性的“年青”miRNA。本研究中,我们通过公开的小RNA测序数据,从番茄和马铃薯基因组中分别鉴定出了213个和266个miRNA基因,其中分别有76个和97个是首次被鉴定出来。70个番茄miRNA基因在其他物种中没有被发现,我们认为它们是番茄特有miRNA基因。超过半数(51.4%)番茄特有miRNA基因与基因组内转座元件重叠。通过比较番茄特有miRNA基因位点和其他茄属物种间同源位点的序列,我们发现了不同的进化事件,包括删除、插入和点突变等。这些事件暗示大多数番茄特有miRNA基因是在茄属物种分化的过程中产生的。1个新鉴定出的番茄特有miRNA基因sly-newt22,其同源序列在栽培番茄和野生番茄之间存在显著差别,表明它是在番茄物种分化和驯化过程中逐渐进化为成熟miRNA基因的。sly-newt22基因上下游的LTR转座元件可能介导了番茄和马铃薯分化过程中的跨染色体转座,并且在番茄中提供了启动子元件。总之,我们的研究提供了一个从miRNA基因进化的角度理解番茄驯化的新视角。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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