The non-catalytic functions of AChE beyond classical ACh-hydrolyzing activity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Our previous research revealed that a novel motif in the N-terminal of AChE (AChE7-20) could induce Aβ oligomer aggregation and had binding ability with Aβ oligomer as well as α7 nAChR and therefore might mediated neurotoxicity via polypeptide-receptor α7 nAChR signaling pathway. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be clarified. In this study, Surface Plasmon Resonance and Circular Dichroism are used to interpret the interaction mode between AChE7-20 and Aβ oligomer and the time phase of Aβ aggregation; High Content Screening and in vivo recording of LTP are utilized to explore the neurotoxicity of AChE7-20 on hippocampal neurons mediated or non-mediated by Aβ oligomer; AChE CRISPR/CAS9 KO or α7 nAChR siRNA are used to further explore the mechanisms underlying the neurotoxicity of AChE7-20 in hippocampal neurons via the polypeptide-receptor (Aβ oligomer-α7 nAChR and AChE7-20-α7 nAChR) signaling pathway. This study will provide an insight into the structural and biological mechanisms of the non-catalytic functions of AChE, clarify the key role of novel motif AChE7-20 in the pathophysiological process of AD, and provide important information for the discovery of potential targets in AD treatment.
AChE具有超越经典酶催化作用的一系列非酶活性,在AD病理进程中发挥重要作用。本课题组在国际上率先发现AChE N末端诱导Aβ寡聚体形成新基序AChE7-20,并揭示AChE7-20可与Aβ寡聚体和α7 nAChR特异结合且可能通过多肽-受体互作介导其神经毒性,但机制亟待阐明。本研究拟应用表面等离子共振、圆二色谱等手段探索AChE7-20与Aβ寡聚体互作模式及对聚集时相的改变;使用HCS细胞表型分析、在体LTP电生理记录等方法研究AChE7-20由Aβ寡聚体介导和非介导的海马神经元毒性表型;应用CRISPR/CAS9基因敲除AChE、α7 nAChR siRNA干扰等方法探索多肽-受体(Aβ寡聚体/AChE7-20-α7 nAChR)信号通路介导的海马神经元毒性机制。从而阐明AChE发挥非酶活性的结构新基础及AChE7-20新基序在AD病理生理过程中的作用,为AD治疗新靶标发现提供依据。
乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)是经典神经递质乙酰胆碱的水解酶,其AChE非酶活性可能参与阿尔茨海默病(AD)病理过程。本课题组率先发现AChE外周阴离子位点(PAS)之外的N端7-20区域(AChE7-20)新基序具诱导Aβ寡聚体形成的作用。本研究围绕AChE7-20介导海马神经元毒性的调控机制开展探索。主要研究结果: ①阐明AChE7-20可特异性诱导Aβ聚集体纤丝形成倾向,且AChE7-20与Aβ寡聚体的高亲和力表现出对Aβ寡聚体的结合偏好,并进一步明确了AChE7-20与Aβ互作关键残基和结合模式,为进一步发现干预AChE7-20-Aβ互作发挥AD疾病修饰作用的先导物提供结构生物学基础;②揭示AChE7-20可易化Aβ的海马神经元毒性,促进原代海马神经元的凋亡。通过小鼠水迷宫等实验发现海马立体定位注射AChE7-20-Aβ复合物加剧学习记忆受损。自主设计探药Bis-Mep既可抑制PAS和AChE7-20非酶位点的结合,具有AD疾病修饰作用潜能,同时可抑制酶催化活性,进而间接激动M1胆碱受体及信号通路改善记忆功能。③探索多肽-受体(Aβ寡聚体/AChE7-20 -α7 nAChR)介导神经毒性作用。AChE7-20多肽可与N胆碱受体α7 nAChR的结合和位点互作,AChE7-20-Aβ复合物对原代海马神经元的N胆碱受体α7 nAChR的表达存在负调控,并可降低长时程电位(LTP)影响神经突触可塑性,但N胆碱受体在AChE7-20-Aβ介导神经毒作用的机制仍待进一步阐明。本研究探索了AChE发挥非酶活性的新基序-AChE7-20的化学生物学和药理学作用,为AD新靶标发现和先导物研发提供实验依据。共发表胆碱酯酶和胆碱受体的研究SCI论文8篇,申请发明专利1项。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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