基于能量转移型金属离子光电化学传感方法的构建与应用

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensing has drawn substantial attention and become a hot field of analytical research, because of its remarkable sensitivity, inherent miniaturization, portability and easy intergration. However, in comparison with the electrochemical or optical sensing, the investigation on PEC sensing is still in its embryonic stage, and many problems still remain unsolved in construction of ultrasensitive and selective PEC sensing process. For example, the photo-to-electrical mechanism and efficiency of the functional PEC interface needs to be enhanced and clarified, the compatibility between the photoactive and the recognition events need to be optimized, the transduction format of the PEC signal needs further exploitation and development. To address these problems, on basis of the recent established energy transfer-based ultrasensitive PEC analysis by our group, this project aims to construct several ultrasensitive and selective ion PEC sensing systems by using synthesized semiconductive quantum dots composites as photo-to-electrical transfer material, click reaction and biological inhibition technology. Besides, we plan to do some research on sensor mechanism and thereby provide new methods and technologies on the filed such as environmental analysis, food safety, new drug research and medical study.

光电化学传感技术由于其灵敏度高、设备简单、易于微型化等优点引起广大科学工作者的密切关注，已成为当前分析领域的研究热点。但与传统的电化学或光学传感相比，该方法仍然处于起步阶段，在构建高灵敏高选择性传感方法的过程中还存在一系列有待解决的问题，如光电功能界面的光电转换性能还需进一步加强，光电物质与识别反应之间的匹配性需要优化，光电信号的传导模式还相对单一需要进一步探索等等。本项目针对这些问题，以金属离子为检测目标物，设计合成半导体量子点复合材料等新型材料并以此为光电转换材料，以课题组前期发展的基于能量转移技术的高灵敏光电检测方法和研究为基础，利用点击反应、生物抑制反应等手段，构建若干高灵敏高选择性金属离子光电检测新体系，并进一步研究其传感机理，为环境分析、食品安全、新药研制和医学研究等领域提供检测新方法和新技术。

本项目执行期间设计合成了QDs、石墨烯、TiO2、g-C3N4等物质组合的复合材料以及小分子荧光探针，试验了材料的光电转换功能及电极性能，建立了系列光电化学传感和荧光新技术、新方法；探讨了材料结构、功能及分析性能之间的关系。多篇研究论文发表在国内外权威刊物上，如：Analytical Chemistry，Biosensors & Bioelectronics，Sensors and actuators B-Chemical，Coordination Chemistry Reviews，TRAC-Trends in Analytical Chemistry，Nanoscale等，发表SCI 收录论文27篇，其中一区论文12篇。授权国家发明专利4项。项目执行期间共培养4位硕士研究生，建立了较为广泛的国际学术交流与合作关系。