新型宽光谱响应一维光电复合纳米纤维材料的构筑及应用机制研究

With fast development of industry and economy, arbitrary discharge of the industrial wastewater and household waste have caused serious environmental water pollution, which greatly threatens the daily life of human being in modern society. Photocatalysis, as an environmentally friendly “green” technique, has been attracted wide attention in the field of environmental protection, because it can remove the organic pollutants, heavy metal ions, and bacteria in the wastewater using active semiconductors as the photocatalysts under light irradiation with the photon energy either higher than or equal to the band gaps of photocatalysts. However, the practical application of these semiconductors as photocatalysts is still impeded by the drawbacks of such narrow light absorption region, poor quantum yields, limited specific surface areas, and so on. To solve the above problems, we herein plan to fabricate the noble metal/upconversion nanoparticles composite electrospun nanofibers. It is expected to obtain a new kind of one-dimensional (1D) plasmonic photocatalysts with wide photoresponse range and high photocatalytic efficiency by taking the advantages of rare earth upconversion property of nanoparticles, Surface-Plasmon-Resonance (SPR) effect of noble metal nanoparticles, good visible-light photocatalytic activity, and high specific surface areas of electrospun nanofibers.

水污染的日益加剧严重的威胁着人民的生活环境与身体健康。半导体光催化技术因其具有降解矿化污水中污染物、还原污水中重金属离子和杀灭污水中细菌等性能，使其在环境治理方面有着广阔的应用前景。然而，较低的太阳光能利用率、较差的光量子效率以及分离回收性能差等缺点一直是困扰光催化剂产业化进程的瓶颈问题。为此，本课题拟将贵金属纳米粒子、稀土红外上转换发光纳米粒子与钒酸盐半导体电纺纳米纤维复合，利用表面等离激元效应、红外上转换发光特性、结合电纺纳米纤维材料的一维纳米结构特性，获得具有太阳光能利用率高、光量子效率高、对污染物吸附强和良好回收再利用特性的环境友好型高效表面等离激元光催化剂。

本项目旨在利用贵金属表面等离激元效应、稀土离子红外上转换发光特性、结合电纺纳米纤维材料的一维纳米结构特性，获得具有太阳光能利用率高、光量子效率高、对污染物吸附强和良好回收再利用特性的环境友好型高效表面等离激元光催化剂。通过采用传统的静电纺丝技术结合溶剂热反应制备新型一维贵金属/稀土发光纳米粒子/氧化物复合纳米纤维光催化材料；利用贵金属表面等离激元共振与上转换稀土发光材料的协同敏化效应增强光催化材料的紫外、可见以及近红外光的利用效率、利用电纺纳米纤维的一维纳米结构特性提高材料的比表面积，解决传统光催化剂光催化性能差问题。利用理论模拟与实验结果结合，从而进一步建立与完善新型一维宽光谱响应的表面等离激元光催化材料的光催化机理，为该类型材料走向实用化提供相应的理论依据和相关的实验数据。.在基金支持下，已接收发表科技论文4篇，都被SCI收录，其中一区论文3篇，影响因子大于10的3篇。课题实施期间，组织承办第七届全国掺杂纳米材料发光性质学术会议，参加学术会议5人次，做邀请及口头报告2次。