高功率因数分段式初级永磁型游标直线电机系统研究

The linear motor drive system for the elevator is increasingly attractive since its simple structure, energy-saving, stable operation and unlimited elevating. However, the conventional elevator drive linear motor possesses the drawbacks such as low efficiency, low power factor for linear induction motor or high cost for linear PM synchronous motor. In order to eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages, the project presents a novel high power factor multi-segment primary permanent magnet vernier linear (PPMVL) motor for the ropeless elevator of which the primary side consists of a iron core with salient poles wound with armature windings and permanent magnets (PMs) inset in the stator teeth. And the secondary side is designed as a simple iron core with salient poles so that it is very cheap to be laid along the whole hoistway. Since the double-side structure is adopted to eliminate the yoke of the primary side, the weight of the translator can be reduced. Due to the interior PMs are arranged, the flux density in the airgap can be increased and the power factor which is very low in the conventional vernier motor can be improved. And the fault-tolerance capability can be enhanced by the employed multi-segment primary. The aim of this project is to develop a novel PPMVL motor which can achieve the performances of high power factor and high power density. And the general operation principle, optimization design, electromagnetic parameters calculation, mathematical and simulation analysis will be established. Then the coordinated control strategy for the multi-primary will be also studied for realize the stable operation and improved fault tolerance capability. At last, the dSPACE-based digital control system experiment platform will be built. The successful development of the novel drive system can provide a new scheme for the long stroke and high speed ropeless elevator. This research possesses not only the important scientific significance and academic value but also a promising application prospect.

直线电机驱动电梯技术以其简单、节能、运行稳定且无提升高度限制等优点受到了广泛关注。针对传统电梯驱动用直线电机效率低、功率因数低或成本高等问题，提出一种新型无绳电梯用高功率因数分段式初级永磁型游标直线电机，其绕组和永磁体均置于电机初级随电梯运动，而仅由导磁材料构成的次级则沿井道全线铺设；采取双侧平板式无初级轭部结构，降低动子重量；采用内置式永磁体布置方式，有效提高气隙磁密并改善电机功率因数；基于分段式电机初级结构，增强电机的容错性。本项目旨在开发出结构新颖的高功率因数、高功率密度直线电机结构，研究其工作原理；建立该类电机设计与优化、电磁参数计算、数学模型和仿真分析的一般方法；研究多电机协调容错控制策略；构建基于dSPACE的数字化控制系统实验平台。该新型电机驱动系统的成功研制，将为高速、长行程无绳电梯驱动提供新的方案，不仅具有重要的科学意义和学术价值，而且具有十分广阔的应用前景。

直线电机直接驱动电梯技术是改善电梯稳定运行能力、提高高层建筑利用率和实现节能减排的有效手段之一。针对直接驱动电梯这一潜在的研究背景，本项目将永磁游标电机、定子永磁型电机融入双边直线电机，提出了一种双边初级永磁型游标直线电机，将永磁体和绕组均设置于电机短初级，而其长次级则仅由设有凸极的铁心构成，采用双边无初级轭部结构，减少动子重量，进而降低长行程直线电机制造成本；基于磁齿轮原理提高电机推力密度，使其具有低速、大推力特性，有效提升电梯载荷比；采用分段初级结构，增加其容错运行能力；基于双边结构，增加电枢反应磁场磁阻，较大程度改善游标电机的功率因数。本项目研究了该类新型拓扑结构电机的基本运行原理；建立了该类电机设计与优化、电磁参数和温升计算、数学建模和仿真的一般方法；提出了一种采用五相逆变器控制两台电机的容错控制策略。本项目的研究，为该类直线电机直接驱动电梯的应用提供了一定的理论基础和技术支持，同时也丰富了永磁电机、直线电机的研究内容，为提升我国电梯驱动技术研究水平、提高自主创新能力提供了有益帮助。