菱锰矿浮选体系组元交互作用及界面性质转化调控机制研究

According to the fact that it is difficult to separate carbonate minerals from rhodochrosite because of the similarity of crystal structure and properties, the mutual transformation of mineral surfaces in coexisting system and the assimilation of surface properties, taking carbonate minerals containing rhodochrosite ore as the research object, solution equilibrium of components, regulation of surface properties transformation, self-polymerization and interaction of flotation reagent, the interaction of mineral dissolving composition and flotation agent ion and regent molecular design, synthesis and testing of collector will be investigated, in order to find out mineral dissolution, replacement and precipitation, flotation ions association, the action rule of solution ions/minerals and flotation agents and the characteristics of the new collector, revealing the law of components interaction and interface properties modulation and the adsorption mechanism of the new collector, ascertaining the effect factors of surface modulate and components interaction, regulating the progress of surface transformation and components interaction, developing and optimizing a new and efficient separation method of carbonate minerals with rhodochrosite, so the strengthening separation theory of rhodochrosite ore will be built on the basis of the regulation of components interaction and interface properties transformation. Based on above studies, the effect of beneficiation parameters on the floatation indexes of rhodochrosite from the natural rhodochrosite ore will be explored, establishing the strengthening separation mechanism of carbonate minerals containing rhodochrosite ore and forming the efficient separation innovation technology of rhodochrosite and calcium-magnesium carbonate minerals. The obtained results have important theoretical meaning and practical value to the efficient development of carbonate minerals containing rhodochrosite ore.

针对菱锰矿与碳酸盐矿物晶体结构和性质相似，共存体系中矿物表面相互转化，表面性质趋同难以分离等问题，本项目拟以菱锰矿、方解石、菱镁矿纯矿物及实际矿石为研究对象，开展组元溶液平衡、矿物表面性质转化、浮选剂自聚合作用及相互作用、矿物溶解组分与浮选剂离子相互作用以及捕收剂分子设计、合成与测试研究，查明矿物溶解、置换和沉淀、浮选剂离子缔合、溶液离子/矿物与浮选剂作用规律和新型捕收剂特性，揭示组元交互作用和表面性质转化规律及新型捕收剂吸附机理，确定影响表面转化和交互作用的因素，调控表面性质转化和组分相互作用进程，制定并优化菱锰矿与碳酸盐矿物高效分离新途径，建立基于表面转化与组元相互作用调控的菱锰矿强化分离理论。探究实际矿石中菱锰矿分选过程参数对指标的影响，建立含碳酸盐菱锰矿的强化分离机制，形成菱锰矿与钙镁碳酸盐矿物高效分离创新技术，对含碳酸盐菱锰矿的高效开发利用具有重要的理论意义和实际价值。

针对菱锰矿与碳酸盐矿物晶体结构和性质相似，共存体系中矿物表面相互转化，表面性质趋同难以分离等问题，项目在对菱锰矿、菱镁矿以及碳酸钙三种矿物的晶体结构和表面特性研究基础上，采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理对菱锰矿、菱镁矿和方解石三种碳酸盐矿物晶体的能带结构、态密度、Mulliken布局分析、差分电荷分析等差异性及表面性质的不同开展研究，通过对含杂质菱锰矿晶体模型计算其能带结构、态密度、电子布局，分析了杂质缺陷对于菱锰矿电子结构的影响。计算表明，杂质缺陷改变了菱锰矿的能带结构、电子态密度、电荷分布，从而对菱锰矿的化学性质产生影响。.深入研究了菱锰矿、菱镁矿和方解石多组分浮选行为以及浮选体系中组元相互作用和表面性质转化的调控机制。系统开展了组元溶液平衡、矿物表面性质转化、矿物溶解组分与浮选剂离子相互作用以及新型捕收剂分子设计、合成与测试研究，查明了矿物溶解、浮选剂离子缔合、溶液离子/矿物与浮选剂作用规律和揭示了组元交互作用和表面性质转化规律，确定了影响表面转化和交互作用的因素，对矿物表面性质转化和组分相互作用进程进行了调控。对新型捕收剂十二胺Gemini季铵盐的浮选特性进行了初步探讨。.采用量子化学模拟计算了油酸阴离子、在菱锰矿与菱镁矿、方解石表面的吸附作用。最后采用溶液化学、热力学分析、表面电位分析、红外光谱和XPS分析深入菱锰矿与碳酸盐矿物浮选分离作用机理；初步探讨了新型捕收剂十二胺Gemini季铵盐的吸附机理；制定并优化菱锰矿与碳酸盐矿物高效分离新途径，为菱锰矿分选技术的攻关与创新、分离过程的控制提供理论支撑与技术支持，对菱锰矿资源的高效开发利用具有重要的理论意义和实际价值。