电力变压器新型绝缘纸的制备及其对油纸绝缘老化特性和介电性能影响的研究

The project is to study a interdisciplinary basic science problem as the centre，the micro aging mechanism for oil-paper insulation (liquid-solid phase ) in transformer under electrical and thermal force. Meanwhile, the transformer insulation paper anti-aging technology and other fundamental problems for application is studied to prolong the service life of transformer internal insulation in purpose. Oil-paper insulation aging degadation mechanism is obtained by reseach of microstructure molecular bond breaking process, surface micro morphology, under multiple factors of electrical, thermal, mechanical force. Transformer oil-paper insulation aging conditions and countermeasures were reached under the mutiple facters, and the insulation paper was modificated by chemical methods, polymer" interpenetrating network" and inorganic nanoparticles composite method A new type insulating paper samples was prepared, and the performance of the novel paper was reseached. This project is characterized by the establishment of oil-paper insulation aging microstructure changes in theory and law, enhance the level of safe operation of the transformer, has important academic value and practical significance.

本项目以研究电力变压器油纸绝缘（液固两相）在电热协同作用下分子层面的老化特性与介电性能这一多学科交叉的基础科学问题为中心，进而研究提高电力变压器绝缘纸的抗热老化、抗击穿和耐局部电损伤等性能的应用基础问题，以达到延长变压器内绝缘使用寿命的目的。在前期老化机理研究的基础上，通过添加新材料，采用新工艺：1.加入热稳定剂和聚合物“网络互穿”提高绝缘纸抗热老化性能；2.使用磁控溅射技术制备“三明治”结构提高绝缘纸抗击穿性能；3.加入无机层状纳米粒子（如：氧化石墨烯，蒙脱土等）复合并使其均匀分散、取向排列提高绝缘纸耐局部电损伤性能，同时降低绝缘纸电导率，制备新型绝缘纸样品，并深入研究其对油纸绝缘老化特性和介电性能影响。本项目的特点是通过研究电力变压器新型绝缘纸的制备及其对油纸绝缘老化特性和介电性能影响，深化油纸绝缘老化机理，提升变压器安全运行水平，具有的学术价值和实际意义。

本项目以研究电力变压器油纸绝缘（液固两相）在电热协同作用下分子层面的老化特性与介电性能这一多学科交叉的基础科学问题为中心，进而研究提高电力变压器绝缘纸的抗热老化、抗击穿和耐局部电损伤等性能的应用基础问题，以达到延长变压器内绝缘使用寿命的目的。在前期老化机理研究的基础上，通过添加新材料，采用新工艺实现以下成果：1.提出了打浆度是影响变压器绝缘纸基本理化和电气性能的关键工艺参数，并获得了优化参数值。2.获得了制备具有优异综合性能(抗热老化、耐绝缘击穿和耐局部放电损伤)变压器绝缘纸的配方和工艺参数，并制备出性能优异的新型绝缘纸。3..从分子层面和化学键角度揭示了氧化铝纳米粒子同步提升绝缘油、绝缘纸抗热老化性能的微观机制。4. 首次提出了提升变压器绝缘纸耐击穿和耐局部放电损伤能力的磁控溅射聚四佛乙烯薄膜技术方法，并揭示了其机理。本项目研究具有的学术价值和实际意义，可为新型绝缘纸的研究提供理论依据和数据支持，对提升变压器安全运行具有重要意义。