功能化聚离子液体为吸附剂搅拌饼固相萃取新技术及其在超痕量污染物监测中的应用研究

In this project, we aim at developing a new sample preparation with functionalized polymeric ionic liquid (FPIL) as sorbents. First,a series of polymeric ionic liquid (PIL) monomers with differently functional groups will be synthesized. Then, FPIL-based extractive cakes with different sizes and functional groups (hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, ion-exchange and chelation) will be prepared according to the "in-situ" synthetical method of monolith. The extractive cakes will be installed in extractive devices which made of syringe or SPE cartridges to form stir cake sorptive extraction (SCSE). A novel SCSE-based sample preparation which integrates extraction, purification and enrichment into a signal step will be developed. The extractive performance of FPIL-SCSE with different sorbents for different compounds will be investigated thoroughly. At the same time, the extractive principles of FPIL-SCSE for organic compounds and inorganic ions will be explored. Based on above studies, the FPIL-SCSE will be hyphenated with other high performance separation instruments such as HPLC/MS, GC/MS, HPLC/ICP-MS, IC/CD to develop simple, sensitive, and environmentally friendly separation systems for the monitoring of ultra-trace pollutants in water, food and biological samples. The implementation of present project will supply a fast, simple, cost-effective and environmentally friendly sample preparation for the monitoring of ultra-trace organic and inorganic pollutants in all kinds of samples. At the same time, the real application field of ionic liquids will be extended.

本项目拟合成系列富含不同官能团聚离子液体单体，并在已有的研究基础上，根据整体材料的"原位"合成技术，制备一系列不同规格（直径和厚度）、具有不同官能团（包括疏水、亲水、离子交换和螯合基团）的功能化聚离子液体（FPIL）吸附剂，与利用一次性注射器或固相萃取小柱的空管设计加工而成的搅拌萃取器相结合，发展集萃取、净化、富集为一体的搅拌饼固相萃取(SCSE)新技术，探讨FPIL-SCSE对有机和无机污染物的萃取性能和机理，并与其它高效分离检测手段如液相色谱/质谱、气相色谱/质谱、液相色谱/ICP-MS和离子色谱/电导联用，建立环境水样、生物和食品等实际样品中超痕量污染物的高效、灵敏、简便和环境友好的分离分析体系。本研究的实施有望为环境、食品和生物等样品中超痕量有机和无机污染物分析监测提供一种快速、简便、高富集效率、经济和环境友好的新型样品前处理技术，亦将拓展离子液体的实际应用领域。

发展高效、简便和绿色的样品前处理技术对于复杂样品目标组份的高灵敏度检测具有重要意义。本项目利用一系列富含不同官能团聚离子液体单体，在已有的研究基础上，根据整体材料的“原位”合成技术，制备一系列不同规格（直径和厚度）、具有不同官能团（包括疏水、亲水、离子交换和螯合基团）的功能化聚离子液体（FPIL）吸附剂，与利用一次性注射器或固相萃取小柱的空管设计加工而成的搅拌萃取器相结合，发展出集萃取、净化、富集为一体的搅拌饼固相萃取(SCSE)新技术，详细优化了合成条件及萃取参数，探讨了FPIL-SCSE对有机和无机污染物的萃取机理，并与其他高灵敏分析检测手段如液相色谱/质谱、液相色谱/紫外、氢化物原子吸收光谱仪和离子色谱/电导联用，建立环境水样、生物和食品等实际样品中多类别超痕量污染物（主要包括农药、抗生素、PPCPs和重金属离子）的高效、灵敏、简便和环境友好的分离分析体系，并在实际复杂样品污染物检测中取得了预期效果。本研究的实施为环境、食品和生物等样品中超痕量有机和无机污染物分析监测提供一种快速、简便、高富集效率、经济和环境友好的新型样品前处理技术，同时有效解决了商品化搅拌棒固相微萃取技术中涂层易脱落的问题（FPIL-SCSE可连续使用150次以上），项目的实施也拓展了离子液体和整体材料的实际应用领域。本项目总发表SCI论文29篇，其中二区以上23篇，获授权国家发明专利3项，培养博士和硕士研究生5人。