基于聚芳醚-聚氧化乙烯的新型聚合物电解质及其全固态柔性超级电容器的设计构筑

All-solid-state flexible supercapacitor provides a new solution and train of thought for energy crisis and energy storage, so it has become a research hotspot in the field of energy storage components. Flexible supercapacitors are usually composed of flexible electrodes, polymer electrolytes, current collectors and flexible packaging materials, among them, the polymer electrolyte is the most important part of the flexible supercapacitor because its performance determines the performance of the capacitor. At present, there are many disadvantages in polymer electrolyte such as poor mechanical strength and cannot be used at high temperature condition, etc. .In this project, a novel polymer electrolyte with excellent comprehensive properties based on poly (arylene ether) - poly (ethylene oxide) and its flexible supercapacitor will be designed and fabricated. The ionic conduction mechanism of a novel poly (ether ether) - poly (ethylene oxide) copolymer electrolyte constructed by designing and synthesizing of the main chain, grafting and crosslinking copolymers and so on will be studied. The relationship between the structure and properties of the novel polymer electrolytes will be revealed and the relationship between the polymer electrolyte membrane and its microstructure with its functional properties and preparation process will be explored. The theoretical basis for the design and preparation of novel polymer electrolyte materials that is geared to the needs of the application process of all solid state supercapacitor will be enriched. The empirical regularity of design and fabrication as well as application for the novel polymer electrolyte membrane should be obtained. The new breakthroughs of the basic theory and applied research in the field of the novel polymer electrolyte membrane will be achieved.

全固态柔性超级电容器为能源危机和存储提供了新的解决方案和思路，成为当今能源储存元件领域的研究热点。柔性超级电容器通常由柔性电极、聚合物电解质、集流体及柔性封装材料组成，其中，聚合物电解质是柔性超级电容器重要的组成部分，其性能好坏决定了电容器性能的优劣。目前的聚合物电解质普遍存在力学强度太差、高温下无法使用等缺点。本项目提出设计构筑一类新型的、综合性能优异的以聚芳醚-聚氧化乙烯为基体的聚合物电解质及其柔性超级电容器。通过构筑主链、接枝、交联等共聚物，研究新型聚芳醚-聚氧化乙烯聚合物电解质的离子传导机制，揭示新型聚合物电解质结构与性能之间的内在关系，深入探索电解质膜及其微观结构与其功能性质和制备过程的关系，丰富面向全固态柔性超级电容器应用过程的新型聚合物电解质材料设计与制备的理论基础，得出聚合物电解质膜设计与制备及其应用的经验规律，在新型聚合物电解质膜领域的基础理论和应用研究方面取得新的突破。

随着电子设备向小型化、柔性化方向发展，储能设备对聚合物电解质的需求显著提高，以聚氧化乙烯(PEO)为代表的具备离子传导能力的材料在实际应用中存在室温下离子传导率低、热稳定性以及机械性能较差、界面电阻大等问题。将此类软而弱的材料作为传导相与其它硬而强的刚性聚合物材料结合以制备高性能聚合物基复合电解质的策略是可行的解决方案。基于此，本项目对PEO及其衍生物进行合理改性，与综合性能优异的聚芳醚类高性能聚合物通过物理共混、化学共聚、接枝或与其它带有刚性结构的分子通过化学交联等手段结合，设计构筑了一系列既具有良好离子传导能力，又具有优异机械性能、热稳定性与安全性的新型聚合物基复合电解质。进一步，将这些电解质应用于以超级电容器为代表的柔性储能器件中，系统研究了电解质微观结构、制备过程以及电极电解质界面对器件功能性质的影响关系，得出聚合物电解质设计与制备及其在柔性储能器件领域中应用的经验规律。