快速城市化下城市湖泊环境演化的人文动力与机制——以武汉沙湖为例

The issue of the relationship between urbanization and environmental change always attracts much attention from researchers at home and abroad, and is developed as one of the core issues about international politics and science projects in recent three decades. In the past 20 years, the main characteristics of urban development in China are rapid industrialization and fast-urbanizing, which urged the changes of human communities, and which affected the revolution of natural environment deeply. Wuhan is one of the most important city in China. Lakes and its water body in Wuhan, as one of the most important natural elements for the city, are the major natural background that have the impact on urban development. And at the same time it is also affected profoundly by human activities in the process of urban development. The landscape and social economy of Wuhan experienced great changes during the fast urbanization, and so did the water environment. In this study, the review of related researches on urban environmental issues at home and abroad has concluded after fast urbanization. And a lot data of field work, remote sensing and water quality monitoring was applied to analyze the characteristics of morphology change of lakes and the water quality change by micro level of urban planning. And then the humanity force and mechanisms on lakes environment change were explained in detail, including different roles and their mechanism. At last, we take the Sha-Lake and Chuhehanjie Project as examples to analyze their environmental changes and their human-driven mechanism. It aims at supporting management of urban environment and sustainable development of cities by overall grasping and interpreting the process of water environmental changes, characteristics and causes in the background of fast urbanization in Wuhan.

城市化与环境变化关系的议题不断受到国内外研究者重视，并发展成国际政治和科学合作的核心议题，最近“新型城镇化”和“生态文明建设”成为了我国政治和社会生活的重点话题。包括武汉在内的我国大部分城市都已经或正在经历一轮加速城市化过程，这一过程改变人类社会的同时，也深深影响着自然环境的演化。城市湖泊是武汉最重要的自然要素之一，也是影响其城市发展的主要自然本底，同时它也被城市发展中的各项人类活动深刻影响和塑造着。武汉城市湖泊一直都是地理学、环境学、生态学等关注的热点，但研究大多来自于水环境质量、水生生物等方面，深入的人文因素探讨较为缺乏。因此，本选题拟以武汉沙湖为案例，利用近20年来的多期遥感和水环境监测数据分析其环境演化历程和特点，并在此基础上利用社会学方法解析和甄别沙湖环境变化的不同作用主体，辨识更高层面的人文驱动因素和作用机制，进而提出城市湖泊环境演化人文因素的分析框架。

城市化与环境变化之间关系议题不断受到国内外研究者的关注和重视，并发展成国际政治和国际科学计划的核心议题。近20年来，以武汉为代表的中部地区经历了一轮加速城市化过程，这一过程促使人类社会发生变迁的同时，也深深影响着自然环境演化历程。湖泊是武汉最重要的自然元素之一，也是影响其城市发展的最主要自然本底，同时又被城市发展中的各项人类活动深刻影响着。东湖、沙湖等城市湖泊一直都是地理学、环境学、生态学等关注的热点，但研究大多来自于水环境质量、水生生物等方面，深入的人文因素探讨较为缺乏。因此，本选题拟利用近20年来的多期遥感数据和水环境监测数据分析武汉城市湖泊的环境演化历程和特点，并在此基础上利用社会学方法解读造成其环境变化的不同作用主体，进而总结其人文因素动力和作用机制。以期较好把握快速城市化下武汉城市湖泊的环境变化过程和人文因素动力，为城市环境治理和可持续发展提供参考。